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Last update 08 May 2025

Macrostomia

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Broad mouth, Congenital macrostomia, Congenital macrostomia (disorder)

+ [16]

Introduction

Greatly exaggerated width of the mouth, resulting from failure of union of the maxillary and mandibular processes, with extension of the oral orifice toward the ear. The defect may be unilateral or bilateral. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Drugs associated with Macrostomia

Compound danshen dripping pills

Target-

Mechanism-

Active Org.

Tasly Pharmaceuticals, Inc. [+1]

Originator Org.

Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.

Active Indication

Diabetic Retinopathy [+4]

Inactive Indication

Blood Stasis [+1]

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

China [+6]

First Approval Date01 Jan 1994

Clinical Trials associated with Macrostomia

CTR20212354

/ RecruitingPhase 3

一项评估T89预防和治疗急进高原期间急性高原反应（AMS）的安全性和有效性的多中心、双盲、随机和安慰剂对照的关键三期临床研究

[Translation] A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pivotal Phase III clinical study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of T89 in preventing and treating acute mountain sickness (AMS) during rapid altitude exposure

本项临床试验的目标为评估T89预防急性高原反应（AMS）和缓解急进高原期间AMS症状的安全性和有效性。

[Translation]

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of T89 in preventing acute mountain sickness (AMS) and relieving AMS symptoms during acute altitude sickness.

Start Date20 Sep 2021

Sponsor / Collaborator

Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.

NCT01923376

/ WithdrawnNot ApplicableIIT

Hepatic Encephalopathy: Lactulose or Polyethylene Glycol (H.E.L.P.)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the use of polyethylene glycol is superior and more safe in treating hepatic encephalopathy compared to lactulose and also to determine if treatment with polyethylene glycol will reduce the duration of hospital stay.

Start Date01 Feb 2013

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NL-OMON36915

/ CompletedNot ApplicableIIT

A Micro Dose Study With 14C Paracetamol, In A Single Dose Two Way Cross-Overdesign With And Without Propranolol In Six Healthy Male Volunteers - Micro dose 14C Paracetamol

Start Date29 Oct 2012

Sponsor / Collaborator

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk

100 Clinical Results associated with Macrostomia

100 Translational Medicine associated with Macrostomia

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Macrostomia

670

Literatures (Medical) associated with Macrostomia

01 May 2025·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

Diagnostic Performance of O‐RADS US (Version 2019 and Version 2022) Incorporating Acoustic Shadowing by Junior Radiologists

Article

Author: Peng, Ruan ; Wu, LiHong ; Shang, JianHong ; Xie, HongNing ; Wu, CuiYi

IntroductionAcoustic shadowing is an important benign ultrasound (US) feature for adnexal masses (AMs). To validate the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement of the 2019 version and 2022 version of Ovarian‐Adnexal Reporting and Data System Ultrasound (O‐RADS US) and ascertain whether adding acoustic shadowing to O‐RADS US v2019 as a benign ultrasound feature can enhance its diagnostic efficacy among junior radiologist.MethodsThis retrospective study included consecutive women with suspected adnexal masses who underwent ultrasound examinations between September 2022 and January 2024. One junior doctor (Reader 1, 2 years of experience) classified each AM according to the O‐RADS US v2019 and the v2022. Lesions were reclassified according to the US features of acoustic shadowing based on the O‐RADS US v2019: the O‐RADS category was downgraded by one level with acoustic shadowing and remained unchanged without acoustic shadowing for categories 2–5. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the two versions of O‐RADS and the modified O‐RADS model. Two independent junior radiologists (Reader 1 and Reader 2 with 3 years of experience) then classified the 200 AMs randomly selected for a test–retest analysis. Kappa (к) statistics were used to assess the interobserver agreement.ResultsOverall, 1015 women (range, 16–86 years) with 1061 AMs were evaluated. Of the lesions, 864 (81.4%) were benign and 197 (18.6%) were malignant. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for O‐RADS v2019 and v2022 were 0.920 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.902, 0.936, P < .001) and 0.924 (95% CI: 0.906, 0.939, P < .001), respectively. The modified model based on O‐RADS v2019 incorporating acoustic shadowing as a benign US feature showed an improved AUC of 0.934 (95% CI: 0.917, 0.948, P < .001). A significant difference was observed between the AUCs of the modified O‐RADS and two versions of O‐RADS models (P < .005). The inclusion of acoustic shadowing increased specificity by 5.4% in predicting malignant adnexal masses, compared with the O‐RADS US v2019 with a specificity of 76.2%. Using the modified O‐RADS category 4 as the optimal cut‐off value for predicting malignancy showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 94.4% (95% CI: 90.2%, 97.2%), 81.6% (95% CI: 78.8%, 84.1%), 53.9% (95% CI: 50.3%, 57.5%), and 98.5% (95% CI: 97.3%, 99.1%), respectively. The inter‐observer agreement in the O‐RADS category between these two junior radiologists was good (κ = 0.74, P < .001).ConclusionWe validated the excellent performance of the Ovarian‐Adnexal Reporting and Data system Ultrasound for diagnosing adnexal masses, and the inclusion of acoustic shadowing increased specificity by 5.4% in predicting malignant adnexal masses, compared with the O‐RADS US v2019 with the specificity of 76.2%.

01 May 2025·Clinical Nutrition

Long term impact of formula choice in children with cow milk protein allergy: 6-year follow-up of the Atopic March Cohort Study

Article

Author: Bedogni, Giorgio ; Aquilone, Greta ; Berni Canani, Roberto ; Carucci, Laura ; Nocerino, Rita ; Coppola, Serena ; Masino, Antonio ; Oglio, Franca

BACKGROUND AND AIMSCow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a significant health issue in the pediatric age, carrying lifelong health implications. To compare the impact of different formulas on the occurrence of other atopic manifestations (AMs), autoimmune disorders (ADs) and the time of immune tolerance acquisition in a population of children with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated cow CMPA.METHODSIn a 72-month prospective cohort study the occurrence of other AMs (i.e., eczema, urticaria, asthma, and rhinoconjunctivitis), ADs (i.e., celiac disease, thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, idiopathic juvenile arthritis) and the time of immune tolerance acquisition were comparatively evaluated in IgE-mediated CMPA children treated with different formulas: extensively hydrolyzed casein formula containing the probiotic L. rhamnosus G (EHCF + LGG), rice hydrolyzed formula (RHF), soy formula (SF), extensively hydrolyzed whey formula (EHWF), or amino-acid based formula (AAF).RESULTS313 subjects were evaluated: EHCF + LGG (n = 64), RHF(n = 62), SF(n = 63), EHWF(n = 60) and AAF (n = 64). The incidence of AMs was: 0.30(Bonferroni-corrected 95%CI 0.15 to 0.44) for EHCF + LGG cohort, 0.68 (0.52-0.83) for RHF cohort, 0.73 (0.59-0.87) for SF cohort, 0.70 (0.55-0.85) for EHWF cohort and 0.83 (0.71-0.95) for AAF cohort. The corresponding risk ratios are 2.28 (1.51-3.45) for RHF vs. EHCF + LGG (p < 0.001), 2.46 (1.64-3.69) for SF vs. EHCF + LGG (p < 0.001), 2.36 (1.56-3.56) for EHWF vs. EHCF + LGG (p < 0.001), and 2.79 (1.88-4.13) for AAF vs. EHCF + LGG (p < 0.001). The 72-month immune tolerance acquisition rate was higher in the EHCF + LGG cohort. The incidence of celiac disease was 2/313 (0.006, binomial exact 95%CI 0.0007 to 0.023). No cases of other ADs were reported.CONCLUSIONThe dietary treatment with EHCF + LGG is associated with lower incidence of AMs and higher rate of immune tolerance acquisition in children with CMPA.

01 Mar 2025·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

A systematic review of wide alveolar cleft repair techniques

Review

Author: Mordukhovich, Isaac ; Fragomen, Fiona Rae ; Rampazzo, Antonio ; Meyers, Abigail ; Gharb, Bahar Bassiri ; Hill, Marc

Wide alveolar clefts impair secondary alveolar bone grafting due to deficient mucoperiosteal tissue for grafted bone coverage. Consequently, preparatory or alternative techniques are often required for closure of such defects. We conducted a PRISMA-adherent systematic literature review on wide alveolar cleft repair to compare treatment efficacies and patient populations. With this information, we provide guidance on the relative advantages and disadvantages of each examined method. Forty-two studies published from 1987-2022 were included, containing 332 patients treated with distraction osteogenesis (52.1%), orthognathic surgery (33.1%), local flap (8.1%), or free flap (6.6%) repair. There were no significant differences in patient ages between distraction osteogenesis device types (p = 0.401, Kruskal-Wallis) or treatment intervals, except that tooth-borne consolidation was significantly faster than bone-borne consolidation (p < 0.01, one-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] with Tukey honestly significant difference test). Orthognathic surgery and free flap patients were more likely to have prior failed cleft reconstructions than those who underwent distraction osteogenesis or local flap repair (p < 0.05, chi-square test of independence), suggesting a "second-line" designation to orthognathic surgery and free flap repair. Orthognathic surgery also had significantly higher osseous closure rates than other treatments (p < 0.0125, chi-square test with Bonferroni correction). Younger patients more often received orthognathic surgery or distraction osteogenesis whereas older patients received free or local flaps (p < 0.05, Welch's one-directional ANOVA with Games-Howell test). Each of the techniques evaluated have unique features regarding patient age, recovery duration/complexity preferences, and treatment history. Although the ideal treatment may differ between patients, orthognathic surgery and free flaps appear to be the most effective techniques for wide alveolar cleft repair.

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Macrostomia

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