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Last update 08 May 2025

Leprosy, Paucibacillary

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Borderline Tuberculoid, Borderline Tuberculoids, Hansen病-少菌型

+ [25]

Introduction

A form of LEPROSY classified by the World Health Organization for the purpose of treatment, based on clinical manifestations and skin smear results. Patients with paucibacillary leprosy have fewer than six skin lesions with no causative agent MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE on any slit-skin smear testing. Paucibacillary leprosy encompasses indeterminate, borderline tuberculoid, and tuberculoid leprosy.

Clinical Trials associated with Leprosy, Paucibacillary

RBR-10365tqp

/ Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

Implementation of the Pharmacotherapeutic Follow-up Service for Leprosy Patients in an outpatient pharmacy at a university hospital

Start Date02 Jun 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

CTRI/2024/03/064435

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 3

A comparative multicentric non inferiority clinical trial of WHO MBMDT with a new monthly chemotherapy regime containing Rifampicin, Moxifloxacin and Clarithromycin (RMC) on Multibacillary patients from India. - NIL

Start Date05 Apr 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator-

CTRI/2023/12/060545

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 4

Molecular Mechanisms of Immunomodulation Imparted by Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) vaccine against multibacillary leprosy - M2I2MIP

Start Date29 Dec 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator

Leprosy Research Initiative

100 Clinical Results associated with Leprosy, Paucibacillary

100 Translational Medicine associated with Leprosy, Paucibacillary

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Leprosy, Paucibacillary

2,378

Literatures (Medical) associated with Leprosy, Paucibacillary

01 Oct 2025·Immunology Letters

Double positive IL-17A+IFN-γ+CCR6+ ILCs contribute towards the immunopathology of lepromatous leprosy

Article

Author: Puri, Poonam ; Ramesh, V ; Sapra, Leena ; Saini, Chaman ; Srivastava, Rupesh K

Leprosy is a skin disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, characterized by both localized and generalized immune responses. Th1/17 lymphocytes play a crucial role in the immune response against M. leprae. However, adaptive immunity alone is not sufficient to completely eradicate the pathogen, suggesting the involvement of other innate immune cells in pathogen removal. Therefore, we investigated innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are the innate counterparts of helper T cells in adaptive immunity and are known to produce IFN-γ and IL-17. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of ILC1 and ILC3 in borderline tuberculoid (BT) and lepromatous leprosy (LL) lesional skin by flow cytometry and real time PCR. Further, the expression of various in-situ genes, including cytokines, chemokines, cytokine receptors chemokine receptors, and transcription factors by qPCR in skin lesions of leprosy patients were analyzed. The phenotypes of ILC1 and ILC3 cells were determined as CD3^negCCR6⁺CD19^negIFN-γ⁺ and CD3^negCCR6⁺CD19^negIL-17A⁺, respectively, by flow-cytometry analysis. BT skin lesions represents high CCR6⁺expression on total ILCs as compared to LL patients. Our results clearly indicate that ILC1 and ILC3 were highly expressed in skin lesions of BT as compared to LL leprosy patients. Moreover, we observed that double positive (DP) CD3^negCCR6⁺CD19^negIFN-γ⁺IL-17A⁺ ILCs were up-regulated in LL and showed a pathogenic role. The gene expression of IL-17A and IFN-γ were found to be significantly positively correlated with the percentage of CCR6⁺ ILCs. On the other hand, CCR6^neg ILCs were negatively correlated with ILC1 and ILC3 associated markers. Summarily our results clearly suggest that both ILC1 and ILC3 are important and immune-protective, on the contrary DP (IFN-γ⁺IL-17A⁺) ILCs may promote progression and immunopathology of leprosy.

01 Apr 2025·DEN Open

Recent advancements in image‐enhanced endoscopy in the pancreatobiliary field

Review

Author: Takahashi, Kuniyuki ; Katanuma, Akio ; Kin, Toshifumi ; Toyonaga, Haruka ; Hayashi, Tsuyoshi ; Ishii, Tatsuya ; Ando, Ryo ; Motoya, Masayo ; Hama, Kazuki ; Yoshida, Kenta

AbstractImage‐enhanced endoscopy (IEE) has advanced gastrointestinal disease diagnosis and treatment. Traditional white‐light imaging has limitations in detecting all gastrointestinal diseases, prompting the development of IEE. In this review, we explore the utility of IEE, including texture and color enhancement imaging and red dichromatic imaging, in pancreatobiliary (PB) diseases. IEE includes methods such as chromoendoscopy, optical‐digital, and digital methods. Chromoendoscopy, using dyes such as indigo carmine, aids in delineating lesions and structures, including pancreato‐/cholangio‐jejunal anastomoses. Optical‐digital methods such as narrow‐band imaging enhance mucosal details and vessel patterns, aiding in ampullary tumor evaluation and peroral cholangioscopy. Moreover, red dichromatic imaging with its specific color allocation, improves the visibility of thick blood vessels in deeper tissues and enhances bleeding points with different colors and see‐through effects, proving beneficial in managing bleeding complications post‐endoscopic sphincterotomy. Color enhancement imaging, a novel digital method, enhances tissue texture, brightness, and color, improving visualization of PB structures, such as PB orifices, anastomotic sites, ampullary tumors, and intraductal PB lesions. Advancements in IEE hold substantial potential in improving the accuracy of PB disease diagnosis and treatment. These innovative techniques offer advantages paving the way for enhanced clinical management of PB diseases. Further research is warranted to establish their standard clinical utility and explore new frontiers in PB disease management.

01 Mar 2025·Indian Journal of Dermatology

Insight into Paediatric Versus Adult Leprosy: A Comparative, Analytical Study from India

Article

Author: Pandhi, Deepika ; Singal, Archana ; Gandhi, Vijay ; Kumar, Rajeev ; Grover, Chander ; Gupta, Pratibha

AbstractBackground:Pediatric leprosy, though relatively less common compared to adult cases, presents challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and management. Despite global efforts to eradicate leprosy, it remains endemic in certain regions, particularly low-resource settings.Objectives:To analyse differences in clinical presentation of pediatric leprosy as compared to adult leprosy from leprosy clinic records of a tertiary care hospital and outline the clinical implications.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the records of all the registered paediatric (aged ≤ 18 years) and adult cases of leprosy from January 2010 to December 2021 (12-year period) who presented to the leprosy clinic of Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital in Delhi was carried out. History, examination, and investigation parameters were noted from standardised case record forms. The variables were compared between cases of childhood and adult leprosy.Results:Out of total 1006 recorded cases of leprosy, 16.8% were children and 83.2% were adults. Maximum cases (65.7%) were of borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy in children compared to 41.7% BT cases in adults. Type 1 and type 2 leprosy reactions were seen in 11.2% and 7.1% paediatric cases, respectively, compared to 9.8% and 12.3% cases in adults, respectively. Paralytic deformity was seen in 32.5% child cases and 35% adult cases. Claw hand and foot drop was seen in 17.2% and 3.6% cases of leprosy in children and 16.1% and 6.5% cases in adults. A total of 11.8% children developed facial palsy. Slit skin smear was positive in 15.4% paediatric and 30.1% adult cases. Treatment was completed in 65.1% child cases and 27.8% children defaulted. In adult cases, treatment was completed in 61.8% cases and 28.9% cases defaulted.Conclusion:Paediatric leprosy in our study had a high number of cases of type 1 lepra reaction, paralytic deformities, disabilities, pure neuritic leprosy, and default rate. Our study highlights the need of early detection, timely intervention, and increasing community awareness to ensure early and adequate management of paediatric leprosy.

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Leprosy, Paucibacillary

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