Angiogenesis is an important physiological process in the human body. When ischemic diseases occur, the ischemic and hypoxic environment induces excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells, which inhibits angiogenesis and leads to poor prognosis. Therefore, finding antioxidants that can eliminate excessive ROS to promote angiogenesis is crucial for the treatment of ischemic diseases. In this work, we investigate the antioxidant effects of dimethyl itaconate (DMI) by using an oxidative stress model in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results demonstrate that DMI significantly reduces excessive ROS in cells under oxidative stress. DMI could protect mechanical properties of HUVECs from oxidative stress. The Young's modulus of HUVECs was 10.0 ± 1.4 kPa after treatment with H₂O₂. However, the Young's modulus increased to 24.42 ± 1.4 kPa when HUVECs were co-incubated with H₂O₂ and DMI (40 μg mL^-1). DMI also maintained cell morphology and cytoskeletal integrity. Meanwhile, DMI alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction by enhancing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. The excellent antioxidant effects of DMI result from upregulating the expression levels of superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase, significantly leading to the removal of intracellular excessive ROS. With protecting HUVECs from oxidative stress damage, DMI promotes cell migration and angiogenesis. Consequently, this work not only elaborates on the mechanism by which DMI promotes angiogenesis by anti-oxidative stress, but also provides a new therapeutic option for the treatment of ischemic diseases.

01 Oct 2025·Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy

Ultrasensitive chemiluminescence detection based on titanium-doped spinel-structured nanoparticles with abundant oxygen vacancies

Article

Author: Liu, Yutong ; Zhang, Wei ; Liu, Hongzhan ; Xu, Guobao ; Liu, Jiyang ; Gao, Wenyue

We successfully synthesized spinel-structured ternary nanocatalyst Ti-Co₃O₄/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) for the first time. Ti-Co₃O₄/Fe₃O₄ NPs exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to the synthesized binary catalysts Co₃O₄/Fe₃O₄. Moreover, Ti-Co₃O₄/Fe₃O₄ NPs can enhance the chemiluminescence (CL) intensity of the luminol/H₂O₂ system by over 3800-fold, attributed to the high density of oxygen vacancies (OVs) within the structure. OVs contribute to electron delocalization, improve conductivity, and are recognized as crucial active sites in the catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂. Based on the inhibitory effect of L-ascorbic acid (AA) on the luminol/H₂O₂ CL system, we developed a sensitive, rapid, effective, and highly selective AA CL assay with a linear range of 0.1 μmol/L to 100 μmol/L and a limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) of 0.044 μmol/L. The method was successfully applied to quantify AA in vitamin C tablets with recoveries ranging from 99.7 % to 106.3 %. This research provides a promising prospect for the application of spinel-structured nanoparticles in CL detection platforms and offers valuable insights into nanoparticle size modulation and OV engineering for catalytic optimization.

01 Sep 2025·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

Molecular fluorination towards deep eutectic amide-based electrolyte for stable high voltage lithium–metal batteries

Article

Author: Cong, Lina ; Xie, Haiming ; Ma, Shunchao ; Yang, Yutong ; Fan, Siqi ; Zhang, Nan ; Li, Wenbo

Currently, non-flammable deep eutectic electrolytes (DEEs), typically based on N-methylacetamide (NMAC), have been deemed as high-quality electrolytes employed in lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). However, the unstable interphase chemistry derived from high reactivity of amide groups towards aggressive electrodes (Li and NCM cathode) and tight Li⁺-amide coordination still exists as the unavoidable "sore point" for DEEs innovation as yet. Herein, inspired by fluorinated solvent strategy, N-Methyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (FNMAC), is proposed to design the FNMAC-based DEE (F-DEE-1:n, n = 2 ∼ 8) solely containing lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt. Introducing electron-withdrawing -CF₃ group is conducive to realizing excellent oxidation resistance as well as stable interphase chemistry, which impairs Li⁺-amide strong coordination bringing forth anion-rich solvation sheath and robust solid electrolyte interface (SEI) with high inorganic content, together with promoting the fast desolvation of Li⁺. Consequently, the F-DEE-1:4 endows NCM622||Li cells with excellent rate capability and outstanding long lifespan along with high capacity retention of ∼91.3 % after cycling 420 times, much superior to those using NMAC-based DEE (N-DEE-1:4). This work is instructive for high-quality DEEs innovation and emphasizes the close correlation between Li⁺ coordination environment and stable interphase chemistry within LMBs.

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