Article
Author: Seidman, Jason S ; Link, Verena M ; Abe, Yohei ; Mueller, Jasmine R ; Ouyang, Zhengyu ; Sakai, Juro ; Downes, Michael ; Manolagas, Stavros C ; Hamakubo, Takao ; Evans, Ronald M ; Almeida, Maria ; Schlachetzki, Johannes C M ; Taylor, Havilah ; Prohaska, Thomas A ; Cobo, Isidoro ; Kadonaga, James T ; Jepsen, Kristen ; Rosenfeld, Michael G ; Fan, Weiwei ; Spann, Nathanael J ; Yeo, Gene W ; Kofman, Eric R ; Resende-Coelho, Ana ; Glass, Christopher K ; Stender, Joshua D ; Cruz-Becerra, Grisel ; Sakai, Mashito ; Ponte, Filipa
The nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR) complex mediates transcriptional repression dependent on histone deacetylation by histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) as a component of the complex. Unexpectedly, we found that signaling by the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) converts the NCoR/HDAC3 co-repressor complex to a co-activator of AP-1 and NF-κB target genes that are required for mouse osteoclast differentiation. Accordingly, the dominant function of NCoR/HDAC3 complexes in response to RANK signaling is to activate, rather than repress, gene expression. Mechanistically, RANK signaling promotes RNA-dependent interaction of the transcriptional co-activator PGC1β with the NCoR/HDAC3 complex, resulting in the activation of PGC1β and inhibition of HDAC3 activity for acetylated histone H3. Non-coding RNAs Dancr and Rnu12, which are associated with altered human bone homeostasis, promote NCoR/HDAC3 complex assembly and are necessary for RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in vitro. These findings may be prototypic for signal-dependent functions of NCoR in other biological contexts.