GGACT

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

A2LD1, AIG2-like domain-containing protein 1, gamma-glutamylamine cyclotransferase

+ [2]

Introduction

Contributes to degradation of proteins cross-linked by transglutaminases by degrading the cross-link between a lysine and a glutamic acid residue. Catalyzes the formation of 5-oxo-L-proline from L-gamma-glutamyl-L-epsilon-lysine. Inactive with L-gamma-glutamyl-alpha-amino acid substrates such as L-gamma-glutamyl-L-alpha-cysteine and L-gamma-glutamyl-L-alpha-alanine.

100 Clinical Results associated with GGACT

100 Translational Medicine associated with GGACT

0 Patents (Medical) associated with GGACT

Literatures (Medical) associated with GGACT

01 Dec 2024·Pathology - Research and Practice

Gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase, a molecule identified from the invasive front of follicular thyroid carcinoma, is useful for differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid tumors

Article

Author: Murotani, Kenta ; Akiba, Jun ; Ogasawara, Sachiko ; Nakayama, Masamichi ; Ono, Takeharu ; Umeno, Hirohito ; Mitsuhashi, Toshiyuki ; Kondo, Reiichiro ; Yano, Hirohisa ; Sato, Fumihiko

We aimed to establish a useful molecular marker for differentiating between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA). RNA was extracted from the invasive front and paired tumor center tissues from three FTC cases using laser microdissection for cDNA microarray analysis, revealing high expression of gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase (GGCT) in the invasive front. Subsequently, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of GGCT was performed with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections of FTC (n = 32), FA (n = 64), and follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP, n = 5). The GGCT expression score (range: 0-300) was calculated by multiplying the intensity score (0-3) and percentage of positive cells. The Ki-67 labeling index was also assessed in 20 FTC and 25 FA cases from the same cohort. The GGCT expression score was higher in FTC than in FA (118.5 ± 51.4 vs. 57.3 ± 34.7, P < 0.0001). With the GGCT expression score, using a cutoff value of 101.1, the differentiation between FTC and FA was possible with a sensitivity of 68.8 % and specificity of 87.5 % (AUC = 0.832). With the Ki-67 labeling index, applying a cutoff value of 4.0 %, the distinction between FTC and FA resulted in a sensitivity of 50.0 % and specificity of 80.0 % (AUC = 0.677). The GGCT expression score was positively related to the Ki-67 labeling index in the FTC cases. (Spearman's ρ = 0.5293, P = 0.0164). Therefore, GGCT is a potential marker for differentiating FTC from FA. The GGCT expression of FTC may be indicative of its invasive and proliferative activity.

01 Dec 2021·BiochimieQ3 · BIOLOGY

Characterization of novel gliotoxin biosynthesis-related genes from deep-sea-derived fungus Geosmithia pallida FS140

Q3 · BIOLOGY

Article

Author: Zhang, Weimin ; Liu, Taomei ; Kong, Yali ; Liu, Shan ; Li, Saini ; Ye, Wei ; Zhang, Weiyang ; Liu, Shuai

Gliotoxins are epipolythiodioxopiperazine toxins produced by the filamentous fungi, which show great potential in the treatment of liver and lung cancer because of its cytotoxicity. In this study, three novel genes related to gliotoxin biosynthesis, gliT, gliM and gliK encoding thioredoxin reductase, O-methyltransferase and gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase, respectively, from the deep-sea-derived fungus Geosmithia pallida were cloned from G. pallida and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant GliT, GliM and GliK proteins were expressed and purified by Ni affinity column, which was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The inclusion bodies of GliT were renatured and the corresponding enzymatic properties of the two enzymes were further investigated. Using DTNB as a substrate, GliT showed the highest enzymatic activity of 11041 mU/L at pH 7.0, and the optimal reaction temperature was 40 °C. Using EGCG as a substrate, GliM showed the highest enzymatic activity of 239.19 mU/mg at pH 7.0, the optimum temperature was 35 °C. GliK from G. pallida was firstly reported to show bi-function of glutymal cyclotransferase and acetyltransfearse actvity with highest enzymatic activity of 615.5 U/mg in this study. The results suggested the important enzymatic function of GliT, GliM and GliK in the gliotoxin biosynthesis in G. pallida, which would lay a foundation for the mechanism elucidation of the gliotoxin biosynthesis in G. pallida and the exploitation of novel gliotoxin derivaties.

01 Nov 2018·Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyQ3 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Protein expression in the liver and blood serum in chickens in response to Salmonella Enteritidis infection

Q3 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Article

Author: Polansky, Ondrej ; Seidlerova, Zuzana ; Rychlik, Ivan ; Faldynova, Marcela ; Sisak, Frantisek

Events occurring in the chicken caecum following Salmonella Enteritidis infection are relatively well-described. However, mechanisms of the immune response and defence beyond the intestinal tract are less well-described. In this study, we therefore determined changes in protein abundance in the liver and blood serum in response to S. Enteritidis infection using the unbiased approach of shotgun proteomics. Complement and coagulation cascades, TNF signalling, antigen processing and presentation was activated in the liver following infection with S. Enteritidis. Chicken proteins that decreased in the liver were involved in glycolysis, the citrate cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. No functional category was significantly activated or suppressed in the serum. Concerning individual proteins, VNN1, SAA, AVD, SERPINA3, SERPINB10, AGT, MRP126 or CP increased in abundance both in the liver and serum. MT4, MT3, PTGDS, GLRX and TGM4, though highly inducible in the liver, did not increase in the serum. PIGR, SERPINF2 and IGJ increased in the serum but not in the liver. SERPINA4, apoAIV, CLEC3B, SERPINF1, HRG, AHSG and ALB decreased both in the liver and serum. Avidin-like LOC431660, THRSP, GATM, GGACT, ACOX1, ALDOB or FABP7 decreased in the liver but not in the serum. Finally, CKM, CKB, PLTP, COMP, IGFALS, AMY1A or SERPIND1 decreased in the serum after S. Enteritidis infection but not in the liver. Differently abundant proteins characterise the chicken's response to infection and can be also used as markers of chicken health status.

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GGACT

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