Borna Disease

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Borna Disease, Borna disease, Borna病

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Introduction

An encephalomyelitis of horses, sheep and cattle caused by BORNA DISEASE VIRUS.

Clinical Trials associated with Borna Disease

DRKS00029412

/ CompletedNot ApplicableIIT

Clinical spectrum of infections with Borna Disease Virus 1 (BoDV-1) - BOSPEK

Start Date24 Jul 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Borna Disease

100 Translational Medicine associated with Borna Disease

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Borna Disease

464

Literatures (Medical) associated with Borna Disease

01 Apr 2025·The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Neuropathology, pathomechanism, and transmission in zoonotic Borna disease virus 1 infection: a systematic review

Review

Author: Tappe, Dennis ; Grochowski, Przemyslaw ; Herden, Christiane ; Märkl, Bruno ; Schaller, Tina ; Mögele, Tatiana ; Vollmuth, Yannik ; Matiasek, Kaspar ; Liesche-Starnecker, Friederike ; Jungbäck, Nicola ; Schlegel, Jürgen

Borna disease, which is a severe encephalitis that primarily affects horses and sheep, has been recognised for over two centuries. Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) has been identified as a cause of a predominantly fatal encephalitis in humans. Little scientific data exist regarding the virus' transmission, entry portal, and excretion routes. Lesional patterns, immunological responses, and pathogenetic mechanisms remain largely unexplored in both reservoir and dead-end hosts. This systematic review compiles current knowledge on these aspects and provides guidance for future research. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO were searched for publications from Jan 1, 2000, to April 30, 2024. 823 records were found, of which 41 studies were included. This systematic review discusses BoDV-1 transmission, pathogenesis, histopathological changes, and immunology in both reservoir and dead-end hosts, with special regard for humans. The exact propagation mechanisms, entry portal, and viral spread within the CNS are not entirely clear in humans. Although more data exist in animals, much remains hypothetical. Future research should focus on identifying potential entry sites and viral spread in dead-end hosts, which could help to clarify the pathogenesis and lesion distribution in the CNS, thereby contributing to a better understanding of BoDV-1 infection in humans and parallels with animal infections.

01 Feb 2025·Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere / Nutztiere

Occurrence of antibody titers against Borna disease virus in alpacas in Bavaria, Germany

Article

Author: Kirmayer, Leonie Isabelle ; Lendl, Christine ; Wittek, Thomas

AbstractThe increasing population of alpacas in Germany requires comprehensive studies on potential disease. Borna Disease, an infection believed to be primarily transmitted by the bicolored, white-toothed- shrew (Crocidura leucodon) to animals and humans, poses significant concerns. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of Borna Disease virus (BoDV) antibodies in alpacas in Bavaria, Germany, and explore associated epidemiological factors.A total of 424 serum samples were collected from 65 alpaca farms in Bavaria, which were selected voluntarily. In addition, questionnaires were filled out by the animal owners gathering information on husbandry and disease awareness of the owners.The results revealed an occurrence rate of nearly 9%, with one in every fourth farm housing at least one antibody-positive animal. While no significant differences were observed in breed, age, or gender, regional endemic areas were identified, coinciding with the presence of the shrew.This study underscores the widespread occurrence of BoDV antibodies in alpacas in Bavaria, emphasizing the importance of hygiene management and increased awareness of the disease among animal owners and veterinarians.

01 Apr 2024·Journal of Clinical Virology

One Health in action: Investigation of the first detected local cluster of fatal borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) encephalitis, Germany 2022

Article

Author: Bonakdar, Andrea ; Katz, Katharina ; Tappe, Dennis ; Eidenschink, Lisa ; Saller, Franziska S ; Haring, Viola C ; Böhmer, Merle M ; Schmidt, Barbara ; Dobler, Gerhard ; Rohrhofer, Anette ; Bauswein, Markus ; Starcky, Philip ; Ulrich, Rainer G ; Coyer, Liza ; Ebinger, Arnt ; Chitimia-Dobler, Lidia ; Beer, Martin ; Rubbenstroth, Dennis ; Knoll, Gertrud ; Niller, Hans Helmut

BACKGROUNDZoonotic Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) causes fatal encephalitis in humans and animals. Subsequent to the detection of two paediatric cases in a Bavarian municipality in Germany within three years, we conducted an interdisciplinary One Health investigation. We aimed to explore seroprevalence in a local human population with a risk for BoDV-1 exposure as well as viral presence in environmental samples from local sites and BoDV-1 prevalence within the local small mammal population and its natural reservoir, the bicoloured white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon).METHODSThe municipality's adult residents participated in an anonymised sero-epidemiological study. Potential risk factors and clinical symptoms were assessed by an electronic questionnaire. Small mammals, environmental samples and ticks from the municipality were tested for BoDV-1-RNA. Shrew-derived BoDV-1-sequences together with sequences of the two human cases were phylogenetically analysed.RESULTSIn total, 679 citizens participated (response: 41 %), of whom 38 % reported shrews in their living environment and 19 % direct shrew contact. No anti-BoDV-1 antibodies were detected in human samples. BoDV-1-RNA was also undetectable in 38 environmental samples and 336 ticks. Of 220 collected shrews, twelve of 40 C. leucodon (30%) tested BoDV-1-RNA-positive. BoDV-1-sequences from the previously diagnosed two paediatric patients belonged to two different subclades, that were also present in shrews from the municipality.INTERPRETATIONOur data support the interpretation that human BoDV-1 infections are rare even in endemic areas and primarily manifest as severe encephalitis. Sequence analysis linked both previous paediatric human infections to the local shrew population, but indicated independent infection sources.FUNDINGThe project was partly financed by funds of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant numbers: 01KI2005A, 01KI2005C, 01KI1722A, 01KI1722C, 01KI2002 to MaBe, DR, RGU, DT, BS) as well as by the ReForM-A programme of the University Hospital Regensburg (to MaBa) and by funds of the Bavarian State Ministry of Health, Care and Prevention, project "Zoonotic Bornavirus Focal Point Bavaria - ZooBoFo" (to MaBa, MaBe, BS, MMB, DR, PS, RGU).

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Borna Disease

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