High Pressure Neurological Syndrome

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

Experimental High Pressure Neurological Syndrome, HPNS, HPNSs

+ [10]

Introduction

A syndrome related to increased atmospheric pressure and characterized by tremors, nausea, dizziness, decreased motor and mental performance, and SEIZURES. This condition may occur in those who dive deeply (c. 1000 ft) usually while breathing a mixture of oxygen and helium. The condition is associated with a neuroexcitatory effect of helium.

100 Clinical Results associated with High Pressure Neurological Syndrome

100 Translational Medicine associated with High Pressure Neurological Syndrome

0 Patents (Medical) associated with High Pressure Neurological Syndrome

265

Literatures (Medical) associated with High Pressure Neurological Syndrome

24 Jul 2024·JCEM Case Reports

Neurosarcoidosis With Panhypopituitarism: Two Cases and Literature Review

Article

Author: Blazin, Tatjana ; Niedzialkowska, Ewelina ; Shelden, Daniel ; Buras, Eric D

AbstractNeurosarcoidosis (NS) with hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) involvement (HP-NS) is a rare clinical condition, conferring variable hormonal deficits that are typically irreversible. Here, we present 2 cases of NS with panhypopituitarism. The first patient presented with cauda equina syndrome and arginine vasopressin deficiency, while the second developed recurrent optic neuritis and vision loss in the setting of a sellar mass. In the first case, neurological symptoms resolved after therapy with high-dose glucocorticoids, infliximab, and methotrexate; while in the second, visual restoration followed resection of the granulomatous tissue and immunosuppressive therapy. In both cases, pituitary dysfunction persisted despite neurological improvement. We contextualized the presentations and outcomes through a literature review of HP-NS case reports and case series. This revealed high rates of extraneurologic sarcoidosis in HP-NS patients with panhypopituitarism, while underscoring the need for hormonal replacement—as endocrinopathies rarely respond to sarcoidosis-directed immunosuppression.

01 May 2024·Current Pain and Headache Reports

Rebound Intracranial Hypertension

Review

Author: Parikh, Simy K

AbstractPurpose of ReviewRebound intracranial hypertension (RIH) is a post-procedural treatment complication in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) characterized by transient high-pressure headache symptoms. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical features, risk factors, and treatment options for RIH.Recent FindingsThis article discusses how changes in underlying venous pressure and craniospinal elastance can explain symptoms of RIH, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), and SIH.SummaryThe pathophysiology of RIH provides a clue for how high and low intracranial pressure disorders, such as IIH and SIH, are connected on a shared spectrum.

17 Nov 2023·Medicine

Lymphoma of the central nervous system originating from the septum pellucidum region: Two case reports with literature review

Review

Author: Chen, Dawei ; Dong, Xuechao ; Xue, Kun ; Yan, Xu ; Lu, Liuzhe

Rationale:Non-Hodgkin lymphoma affecting the brain, eyes, and cerebrospinal fluid without systemic spread is known as primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). While intracerebroventricular PCNSL is commonly found in the lateral ventricles and the third and fourth ventricles, the occurrence of PCNSL originating from the septum pellucidum is extremely rare.Patient Concerns:Two patients presented with recent memory loss and high cranial pressure.Diagnoses:Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a clear enhancing lesion in the septum pellucidum region. Pathological examination confirmed that both cases were primary large B-cell lymphoma GCB (germinal center B-cell-like) subtypes located in an “immune-privileged” area.Interventions:Both patients underwent total tumor resection, and the procedures were successfully completed without surgical complications.Outcomes:Over a 1-year period, treatment included four cycles of high-dose methotrexate combined with temozolomide. During the follow-up period (19–23 months), no recurrence of the lymphoma was observed.Lessons:In cases of PCNSL in the septum pellucidum, it is crucial to consider it as a potential differential diagnosis for intraventricular tumors. Surgical interventions should focus on maximizing tumor resection while ensuring the protection of critical structures like the fornix and peripheral neural components. The role of surgery compared to biopsy, as well as the long-term complications, necessitates extended follow-up. Additionally, an individualized treatment approach, considering factors such as age, Karnofsky performance score, and organ function assessment, can lead to positive outcomes.

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High Pressure Neurological Syndrome

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