Delving into the Latest Updates on Alfaxalone with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Alfaxalone (INN), Phaxan

+ [3]

Target

GABAA receptor

Mechanism

GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators(Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor positive allosteric modulators)

Therapeutic Areas

Other Diseases

Active Indication

AnesthesiaSedation

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Drawbridge Pharmaceuticals

Active Organization

Cali Biosciences Co. Ltd.

Inactive Organization

Drawbridge Pharmaceuticals

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Structure

Molecular FormulaC21H32O3

InChIKeyDUHUCHOQIDJXAT-OLVMNOGESA-N

CAS Registry23930-19-0

OBJECTIVETo describe the use of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in dogs and cats by veterinary anaesthesiologists.STUDY DESIGNA cross-sectional online, voluntary, anonymous survey.POPULATIONData from 153 answered questionnaires.METHODSAn anonymous questionnaire was sent via e-mail to diplomates, residents and residency-trained individuals from the American and European Colleges of Veterinary An(a)esthesia and Analgesia, to gather information on the use, perceived advantages, reasons for the use or not of TIVA and attitudes towards this technique in dogs and cats. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis to detect significant associations were performed. The effect size was estimated using the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A significance level of p < 0.05 was used.RESULTSWe obtained 153/703 responses (66% diplomates, 34% residents; overall response rate of 21.7%). Although 99% and 94% of respondents used TIVA in dogs and cats, respectively, only 14% used it frequently (several times a week) in dogs, and < 1% in cats. Most respondents used propofol (97%, dogs) and alfaxalone (85%, cats), mostly combined with opioids. Reasons for not using TIVA more frequently included prolonged recovery (49%, dogs; 61%, cats), higher cost (46%, dogs) and concerns about drug accumulation (44%, cats). Frequent TIVA use was driven by clinical indications (100%) and greater haemodynamic stability (87%). A higher proportion of respondents using TIVA frequently reported the high stability of the anaesthetic plane (20%; OR = 5.0; 95% CI: 1.4-17.8; p = 0.013) and disagreed with using TIVA only when a specific clinical indication existed (OR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.4-10.0; p = 0.013).CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCEAlthough occasional, TIVA use is reported among veterinary anaesthesiologists. Clinical indications for TIVA are the most likely reason for its use, whereas factors such as a prolonged recovery or higher cost might limit its use.

01 Nov 2024·Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound

The effects of alfaxalone on cardiac and pulmonary vascular size in cats evaluated by thoracic radiography and echocardiography

Article

Author: Schettler, Michael ; Holland, Merrilee ; Hofmeister, Erik ; Winter, Randolph

AbstractAlfaxalone is a neuroactive steroid that modulates the GABAA receptor, which has shown recent widespread use as a sedative and anesthetic agent in cats, especially in patients being screened for cardiovascular disease. This prospective, partially blinded, randomized experimental study aimed to determine if sedation with alfaxalone would alter the appearance of the cardiac silhouette or pulmonary vasculature on thoracic radiographs or echocardiographic indices of cardiac or pulmonary vascular size. Eleven apparently healthy adult cats were recruited from a research colony. Four‐view thoracic radiographs and an echocardiogram were performed at baseline and following a 5 mg/kg intramuscular dose of alfaxalone. Vertebral heart score (VHS) and cranial and caudal lobar pulmonary vascular measurements were obtained at both time points by two independent blinded observers, and these were analyzed using two‐way ANOVA. The nonblinded echocardiographer obtained echocardiographic measurements at both time points, which were analyzed using a paired t‐test or Wilcoxon signed rank test. No significant differences were identified in VHS measurements or echocardiographic parameters between baseline and sedated cats. In healthy cats, alfaxalone does not appear to significantly affect the cardiovascular structures evaluated via thoracic radiography or echocardiography.

01 Sep 2024·Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

Use of a quadratus lumborum block in queens undergoing ovariectomy: a randomised controlled trial

Article

Author: Ristori, Claudia ; Bucci, Roberta ; Vignoli, Massimo ; Collivignarelli, Francesco ; Santoro, Francesco ; Carluccio, Augusto ; Bianchi, Amanda ; Costanzini, Giulia ; Parrillo, Salvatore ; Tamburro, Roberto ; Robbe, Domenico ; Di Giosia, Alessandro ; Paolini, Andrea

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the perioperative analgesic effect of a quadratus lumborum (QL) block in queens undergoing ovariectomy. Methods A total of 37 healthy queens admitted for elective ovariectomy were randomised into two groups: control (CTRL, n = 19) and QL block (QL, n = 18). All cats were premedicated with dexmedetomidine 0.005 mg/kg, alfaxalone 1 mg/kg and methadone 0.1 mg/kg IM. Under general anaesthesia, cats allocated to the QL group received a bilateral ultrasound-guided QL block with 0.4 ml/kg of ropivacaine 0.4% (3.2 mg/kg). No treatment was administered to cats in the CTRL group. Intraoperative rescue fentanyl boluses were administered if haemodynamic and/or respiratory parameters exceeded 30% of the pre-incisional values. Postoperative methadone boluses were administered based on Feline Grimace Scale scores. Demographics, baseline vital parameter values, requirement for rescue analgesia, incidence of hypotension, sialorrhoea, vomiting and dysphoria, and number of cats accepting food at 6 h after extubation were compared between groups. Results A higher number of queens required intraoperative fentanyl in the CTRL group (14/18, 77.8%) compared with the QL group (1/19, 5.3%) ( P <0.001). The median total fentanyl dose was 4 µg/kg (range 0–4) in the CTRL group and 0 µg/kg (range 0–4) in the QL group ( P <0.001). No statistically significant difference was found between groups when comparing the number of animals requiring postoperative methadone, total methadone dose, episodes of hypotension, sialorrhoea, vomiting and dysphoria, and number of queens accepting food at 6 h postoperatively. No adverse effect or complication potentially related to the block was recorded. Conclusions and relevance The QL block resulted in a lower intraoperative fentanyl requirement in queens undergoing ovariectomy. Further studies are needed to clarify the postoperative analgesic effect of this technique in cats.

100 Deals associated with Alfaxalone

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