ObjectivesTo investigate how primary care clinicians in the UK approach initial management of canine generalised epileptic seizures, including factors potentially associated with prescription and choice of anti‐seizure drugs.Materials and MethodsElectronic health records concerning 3,150,713 consultations (917,373 dogs) were collected from 224 veterinary practices by the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network. Free‐text clinical narratives were reviewed to identify those consistent with generalised epileptic seizure activity, including only those recording the first presentation for seizures. Dogs older than 6 years were excluded.ResultsFive hundred and seventeen cases were included. Sixty‐seven dogs (13.0%) received anti‐seizure drugs at first presentation; this was significantly more likely in dogs presented with cluster seizures (odds ratio 13.8, 95% confidence interval 7.3 to 26.1). Phenobarbital (n=36) and imepitoin (n=29) were the most frequently chosen anti‐seizure drugs. Presentation for a single epileptic seizure occurred in 321 dogs; seven were prescribed anti‐seizure drugs. Eighty‐six dogs were presented with cluster seizures; 38 were prescribed anti‐seizure drugs, most frequently imepitoin (n= 19) and phenobarbital (n=17). Of the dogs presenting with a single seizure and at least 6‐month follow‐up (n=165), 33 (20%) did not have subsequent seizures recorded.Clinical SignificancePrimary care clinicians rarely prescribed anti‐seizure drugs following a single epileptic seizure in accordance with International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force recommendations. Less than half of dogs initially presenting with cluster seizures were prescribed anti‐seizure drugs. Imepitoin was frequently selected in the treatment of cluster seizures despite no authorisation for this purpose. These findings may ultimately contribute to improved cohesion in the management of canine epileptic seizures between primary care and referral institutions.

01 May 2021·Veterinary RecordQ3 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Evaluation of Pexion^® (imepitoin) for treatment of storm anxiety in dogs: A randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Q3 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Article

Author: Johnson, Brianna ; Emke, Carrie ; Perdew, Irina ; Griffith, Emily H. ; Song, Yukun ; Gruen, Margaret E. ; Dixit, Vaidehi ; Watson, Philip

AbstractBackground: While often grouped with other noise aversions, fearful behaviour during storms is considered more complex than noise aversion alone. The objective here was to assess the effect of imepitoin for the treatment of storm anxiety in dogs.Methods: In this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled randomised study, eligible dogs completed a baseline then were randomised to receive either imepitoin (n = 30; 30 mg/kg BID) or placebo (n = 15) for 28 days. During storms, owners rated their dog's intensity for 16 behaviours using a Likert scale. Weekly, owners rated intensity and frequency of these behaviours. Summary scores were compared to baseline and between groups.Results and Conclusions: Imepitoin was significantly superior to placebo in storm logs and weekly surveys for weeks 2 and 4, and in the end‐of‐study survey. Mild/moderate adverse events were reported in 26 patients (24 active: two placebo); the most frequent adverse event was ataxia. Owners of dogs in the imepitoin group, compared to placebo, were significantly more likely to report that treatment reduced their dogs fear and anxiety during storms (p < 0.001) and other noise events (p < 0.001). Twice daily administration of imepitoin decreased anxiety scores in dogs with storm anxiety. Future work may evaluate optimal dosage regimens.

01 Nov 2020·Journal of Veterinary Internal MedicineQ2 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Imepitoin for treatment of idiopathic head tremor syndrome in dogs: A randomized, blinded, placebo‐controlled study

Q2 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

ArticleOA

Author: Wielaender, Franziska ; Potschka, Heidrun ; Schneider, Nina ; Reese, Sven ; Fischer, Andrea

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic head tremor syndrome is a paroxysmal movement disorder of unknown etiology. Spontaneous remission may occur, but owners may request treatment in severely affected dogs with continued episodes. Controlled studies of the disease are not available.Hypothesis/ObjectivesA drug with gamma amino butyric acid‐ergic and anxiolytic effects will decrease head tremor episodes.AnimalsTwenty‐four dogs with severe nonremitting head tremor and presumptive clinical diagnosis of idiopathic head tremor syndrome.MethodsProspective, blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial to compare imepitoin with placebo in dogs with frequent episodes of idiopathic head tremor. Evaluation of efficacy used the quotient T2/T1 that represented prolongation of the head tremor‐free period compared to a 3‐month baseline. A dog was considered a responder if tremors subsided or if the head tremor‐free period was 3× longer than the longest period during baseline (T2/T1 ≥ 3). Sample size calculations considered a large effect of imepitoin on T2/T1 (Cohen's d = 0.8).ResultsThere were no responders in the placebo group (0/12). In the imepitoin group, the responder rate was 17% (2/12; P = .18) with T2/T1 3.8 and 4.0. Mean T2/T1 was 1.0 ± 1.4 in the imepitoin and 0.4 ± 0.4 in the placebo group (P = .37).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceImepitoin did not result in a significant overall benefit. Future studies should focus on treatment of subgroups with a common pathophysiology and similar comorbidities.

100 Deals associated with Imepitoin

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Anxiety Disorders	Phase 1	DE	elbion NV	-
Epilepsy	Phase 1	-	elbion AG	-
Epilepsy	Phase 1	DE	elbion NV	-

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