Divergent responses of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria with P-laden biochar for enhancing nutrient recovery, growth, and yield of canola (Brassica napus L.)

Article

Author: Mohy-Ud-Din, Waqas ; Khan, Khuram Shehzad ; Mustafa, Adnan ; Mumtaz, Tooba ; Raza, Taqi ; Naveed, Muhammad ; Qadir, Muhammad Farhan

The growing global population has led to a heightened need for food production, and this rise in agricultural activity is closely tied to the application of phosphorus-based fertilizers, which contributes to the depletion of rock phosphate (RP) reserves. Considering the limited P reserves, different approaches were conducted previously for P removal from waste streams, while the adsorption of ions is a novel strategy with more applicability. In this study, a comprehensive method was employed to recover phosphorus from wastewater by utilizing biochar engineered with minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and iron. Elemental analysis of the wastewater following a batch experiment indicated the efficiency of the engineered biochar as an adsorbent. Subsequently, the phosphorus-enriched biochar, hereinafter (PL-BCsb), obtained from the wastewater, underwent further analysis through FTIR, XRD, and nutritional assessments. The results revealed that the PL-BCsb contained four times higher (1.82%) P contents which further reused as a fertilizer supplementation for Brassica napus L growth. PL-BCsb showed citric acid (34.03%), Olsen solution (10.99%), and water soluble (1.74%) P desorption. Additionally, phosphorous solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were incorporated with PL-BCsb along two P fertilizer levels P45 (45 kg ha^-1) and P90 (90 kg ha^-1) for evaluation of phosphorus reuse efficiency. Integrated application of PL-BCsb with half of the suggested amount of P45 (45 kg ha^-1) and PSB increased growth, production, physiological, biochemical, and nutritional qualities of canola by almost two folds when compared to control. Similarly, it also improved soil microbial biomass carbon up to four times, alkaline and acid phosphatases activities both by one and half times respectively as compared to control P (0). Furthermore, this investigation demonstrated that waste-to-fertilizer technology enhanced the phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency by 55-60% while reducing phosphorus losses into water streams by 90%. These results have significant implications for reducing eutrophication, making it a promising approach for mitigating environmental pollution and addressing climate change.

01 Oct 2023·International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

A Multicentered, Randomized Phase III Study of Definitive vs. Palliative Radiotherapy to Primary Tumor for Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Less than Three Metastatic Organs: CSWOG China.

Article

Author: Jie, L

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S)To investigate the local-regional progression-free survival (LPFS), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), local control rate of primary tumor (LCR_P), and toxicity of definitive radiotherapy (concurrent chemoradiotherapy of 63 Gy) compared with palliative radiotherapy (concurrent chemoradiotherapy of 45 Gy) to primary tumor in newly diagnosed stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer with less than three metastatic organs.MATERIALS/METHODSA randomized, multicentered phase Ⅲ study (ChicTR-TRC-13003749), in a 1:1 ratio, included patients with newly diagnosed stage Ⅳ NSCLC with less than three metastatic organs. The EGFR mutation was wide type or unknown mainly. The patients were divided into 63 Gy of definitive radiotherapy (D₆₃) and 45 Gy of palliative radiotherapy (P₄₅). The primary endpoints were LPFS, OS. Secondary endpoints included PFS, LCR_P, objective response rate (ORR) and toxicity.RESULTSThree hundred forty-four patients were enrolled in 14 cancer centers. The median LPFS for group D₆₃ was 18 months (95% CI, 13.02 to 22.98) better than 13 months for group P₄₅ (95% CI, 10.13 to 15.87). LPFS for 1, 2, and 5 years were 62.9% vs. 50.4%, 36.9% vs. 24%, 20.5% vs. 5.5%, respectively (χ² = 9.997, P = 0.002). The 36.1% reduction in the hazard ratio for local-regional progression or death for D₆₃. The MST for group D₆₃ was 19 months (95% CI, 14.59 to 23.41) better than 15 months for group P₄₅ (95% CI, 10.72 to 19.28), and the 1-, 2-, and 5-years OS were 70.2% vs. 52.2%, 41.3% vs. 30.7%, 16.2% vs. 11.3%, respectively (χ² = 3.874, P = 0.049). PFS was 37% reduction in the hazard ratio for disease progression or death for D₆₃ (χ² = 12.49, P = 0.000). The 1, 2, 5-year LCR_P of group D₆₃ is better than group P₄₅ (χ² = 8.747, P = 0.003). The incidences of RE and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ RP in group D₆₃ were higher than in group P₄₅ (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONPhase Ⅲ clinical trials achieved satisfactory results. LPFS, OS and PFS was longer with definitive than palliative radiotherapy of primary tumor for stage Ⅳ NSCLC with less than three metastatic organs. Significantly prolonged. The toxicity was accepted.

01 Mar 2021·ShockQ2 · MEDICINE

Mitigating Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Using a Bilobed Partial REBOA Catheter: Controlled Lower-Body Hypotension

Q2 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Choi, Jae H. ; Espinoza, Mark D. ; Cancio, Leopoldo C. ; Necsoiu, Corina ; Moon, James J. ; Batchinsky, Andriy I. ; Jordan, Bryan S. ; Gremmer, Brandon J.

ABSTRACTBackground:Non-compressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH) is the leading cause of potentially preventable death on the battlefield. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) aims to restore central blood pressure and control NCTH below the balloon, but risks ischemia-reperfusion injury to distal organs when prolonged. We tested a bilobed partial REBOA catheter (pREBOA), which permits some of the blood to flow past the balloon.Methods:Female swine (n = 37, 6 groups, n = 5–8/group), anesthetized and instrumented, were exponentially hemorrhaged 50% of estimated blood volume (all except time controls [TC]). Negative controls (NC) did not receive REBOA or resuscitation. Positive controls (PC) received retransfusion after 120 min. REBOA groups received REBOA for 120 min, then retransfusion. Balloon was fully inflated in the full REBOA group (FR), and was partially inflated in partial REBOA groups (P45 and P60) to achieve a distal systolic blood pressure of 45 mm Hg or 60 mm Hg.Results:Aortic occlusion restored baseline values of proximal mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and carotid flow in pREBOA groups. Lactate reached high values during occlusion in all REBOA groups (9.9 ± 4.2, 8.0 ± 4.1, and 10.7 ± 2.9 for P45, P60, and FR), but normalized by 6 to 12 h post-deflation in the partial groups. All TC and P60 animals survived 24 h. The NC, PC, and P45 groups survived 18.2 ± 9.5, 19.3 ± 10.6, and 21.0 ± 8.4 h. For FR animals mean survival was 6.2 ± 5.8 h, significantly worse than all other animals (P < 0.01, logrank test).Conclusions:In this porcine model of hemorrhagic shock, animals undergoing partial REBOA for 120 min survived longer than those undergoing full occlusion.

100 Deals associated with P-45

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Alopecia	Phase 2	GB	Phytopharm Plc	-
Alopecia	Phase 2	-	Ixico Plc	-

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