Unlike apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death, and the mechanism by which selenium nanoparticles induce ferroptosis in cancer cells has rarely been investigated. To investigate the mechanism of inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation by fucoidan-selenium nanoparticles (FD-SeNPs) by inducing ferroptosis. The mechanism was explored by detecting ROS, MDA, GSH and Fe²⁺ and utilizing TEM and Western blot assay. The results showed that FD-SeNPs increased intracellular ROS, MDA and Fe²⁺ levels and decreased GSH levels. Moreover, HepG2 cells treated with FD-SeNPs showed mitochondrial shrinkage, volume reduction and mitochondrial cristae breakage. The ability to reverse the changes in the above indexes after Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) intervention suggests that FD-SeNPs inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation by inducing cells to undergo ferroptosis. Further mechanistic studies revealed that FD-SeNPs decreased the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, SLC7A11 (xCT), GCLC and GPX4 proteins to promote lipid peroxidation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, FD-SeNPs could disrupt intracellular iron homeostasis by up-regulating transferrin protein and down-regulating SLC40A1 and Ferritin proteins, suggesting that FD-SeNPs induced cells to undergo ferroptosis by regulating proteins related to lipid peroxidation and iron homeostasis. This study provides theoretical data for reference in applying FD-SeNPs in developing anti-cancer clinical drugs.

01 Jan 2025·Experimental Parasitology

Antiparasitic and antioxidant effects of selenium nanoparticles on parasitic Trichinella spiralis

Article

Author: Nagdy, Yosra Adel Ebrahim ; Nabil, Zohour Ebrahim ; El-Shenawy, Nahla Soliman ; Elkhawass, Elham Ali

This study presents a comprehensive methodology for the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) for their anthelmintic properties against Trichinella spiralis. SeNPs were synthesized via a chemical reduction method, with a color change from clear white to brownish-red indicating nanoparticle formation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed broad peaks at 2θ ranges of 20-33° and 48-58°, confirming the semi-crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy identified a characteristic peak at around 295 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed spherical, monodispersed SeNPs with smooth surfaces, ranging from 30 to 106 nm in size, with an average diameter of 69 nm. Forty-two male rats were divided into six groups, including healthy controls and T. spiralis-infected rats treated with varying doses of SeNPs. Body and organ weight indexes were assessed at the start, during the intestinal and muscular phases. Significant body weight increases were observed during the intestinal phase, particularly in the positive control group. Organ weight analysis showed a significant decrease in liver weight in the high-dose SeNP group compared to controls. SeNP treatment significantly reduced the number of adult worms in the intestines and encysted larvae in muscles. The high-dose group reduced adult worms and encysted larvae more than the low-dose group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed morphological alterations in adult T. spiralis worms, including wrinkled architecture, torn cuticles, and severe sloughing in high-dose treated worms. During the muscular phase, significant decreases in hemoglobin and red blood cell count were observed in the positive control group, while SeNP treatment restored these levels. Liver enzyme activities (AST, ALT, and ALP) were elevated in infected untreated groups but were enhanced with SeNP treatment. Antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, and SOD) increased in SeNP-treated groups, with higher doses showing greater efficacy in reducing oxidative stress markers (MDA) and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, and IL-6). Histological analysis showed significant restoration of normal intestinal architecture in high-dose SeNP-treated infected rats, including the reduction of villus atrophy and leukocyte infiltration. In diaphragm muscles, high-dose SeNP treatment minimized encysted larval deposition and restored normal muscle architecture. We can conclude that the study demonstrates the potential of SeNPs as an effective anthelmintic agent against T. spiralis, highlighting their synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic efficacy.

Foods

Immunoregulatory Effects of Codonopsis pilosula Polysaccharide Modified Selenium Nanoparticles on H22 Tumor-Bearing Mice

Article

Author: Yang, Jiajing ; Dai, Keyao ; Yu, Juan ; Long, Yan ; Zheng, Guoqiang ; Ding, Wenjie ; Ji, Hongfei ; Ji, Haiyu

Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CPP) and rare element selenium (Se) have been proved to exert various biological activities, and our previous study demonstrated that selenium nanoparticles modified with CPP (CPP-SeNPs) possessed significantly enhanced tumor cytotoxicity in vitro. This study aimed to investigated the inhibitory effects of CPP-SeNPs complex on H22 solid tumors via immune enhancement. In this study, the H22 tumor-bearing mice model was constructed, and the potential mechanisms of CPP-SeNPs antitumor effects were further explored by evaluating cytokines expression levels, immune cells activities and tumor cells apoptotic indicators in each group. The results demonstrated that CPP-SeNPs effectively exerted dose-dependent protective effects on the immune organs of tumor-bearing mice in vivo, leading to increase in peripheral white blood cell counts and inhibition of solid tumor growth with inhibitory rate of 47.18% in high-dose group (1.5 mg/kg). Furthermore, CPP-SeNPs treatment significantly elevated the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 in mice sera, enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity, augmented macrophage phagocytosis capacity, as well as increased both the amounts and proliferation activity of lymphocyte subsets. CPP-SeNPs improved the immune system’s ability to clear tumor cells by up-regulating Bax expression while down-regulating Bcl-2 expression within solid tumors, indicating the potential activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Therefore, CPP-SeNPs administration can effectively inhibit tumor growth by enhancing immune response in tumor-bearing mice, which might be relevant to the regulation of gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids metabolisms. These findings could provide theoretical support and data foundation for further development of CPP-SeNPs as functional food and drug adjuvants.

100 Deals associated with PAP-SeNPs

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Hepatocellular Carcinoma	Preclinical	CN	Chongqing Medical University	01 Oct 2024

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Translational Medicine

Boost your research with our translational medicine data.

view full example data

Deal

Boost your decision using our deal data.

view full example data

Core Patent

Boost your research with our Core Patent data.

view full example data

Clinical Trial

Identify the latest clinical trials across global registries.

view full example data

Approval

Accelerate your research with the latest regulatory approval information.

view full example data

Regulation

Understand key drug designations in just a few clicks with Synapse.

view full example data

Chat with Hiro

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis


No Data

PAP-SeNPs

Overview

Basic Info

Related

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Deal

Core Patent

Clinical Trial

Approval

Regulation