Early Vaccine-type Pneumococcal Acute Otitis Media Does not Predispose to Subsequent Otitis When Compared With Early Acute Otitis Media Due to Other Bacterial Etiology

Q4 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Lahdenkari, Mika ; Palmu, Arto A

Background:Prevention of acute otitis media (AOM), and especially recurrence and biofilm formation, by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines has been hypothesized to be due to prevention of early episodes triggering the vicious cycle. We tested the specific role of vaccine-type pneumococcal AOM in this hypothesis.Methods:In the phase III randomized, double-blind Finnish otitis media Vaccine Trial conducted in 1995–1999, children received pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 7 or hepatitis B vaccine as control at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months of age and were followed for AOM. Myringotomy with middle ear fluid aspiration was performed in AOM, and samples were cultured. We compared control-vaccinated children with confirmed vaccine-type or 6A-AOM with those with AOM due to other confirmed etiology within 2–6 months of age (early AOM) and followed for subsequent AOM from 6–24 months of age.Results:Eight hundred thirty-one children were enrolled in the Finnish otitis media control arm. Before 6 months of age, 34 children experienced vaccine-type–AOM, and 40 children experienced AOM of other bacterial etiology. The subsequent AOM incidences were 1.9 (95% CI, 1.5–2.4) and 2.1 (1.7–2.5) in these subgroups, respectively. However, the subsequent incidences were lower if no bacteria were detected at AOM (1.5, 1.2–1.8) or if there was no early AOM (1.1, 1.1–1.2).Conclusions:Early vaccine-type AOM was not associated with a higher risk of subsequent AOM compared with AOM due to other confirmed bacterial etiology. These data do not support any specific role of vaccine-type pneumococcus in the hypothesis.

01 May 2013·Pediatric Infectious Disease JournalQ4 · MEDICINE

Long-term Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Tympanostomy Tube Placements

Q4 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Palmu, Arto A ; Lahdenkari, Mika ; Jokinen, Jukka ; Sarasoja, Ilona ; Kilpi, Terhi

BACKGROUNDWe have previously shown that the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PncCRM) given in infancy is effective in reducing tympanostomy tube placements up to 4 to 5 years of age. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines PncCRM and PncOMPC from 2 up to 13 years of age.METHODSAltogether 2497 children participated in the Finnish Otitis Media Vaccine trial conducted in 1995 to 1999 and were vaccinated at 2, 4, 6 and 12 months of age with PncCRM or PncOMPC or hepatitis B vaccine as controls. The data for tympanostomy tube placements were collected from health registers including hospital and private office operations. Vaccine efficacy was estimated by comparing incidences of tympanostomies from 2 to 12-13 years of age in each of the pneumococcal vaccine groups with the control group.RESULTSRegister data were searched for 2474 subjects. A total of 535 tympanostomy tube placements were identified in the health registers from 1998 through 2008 with a cumulative incidence of 14.6% from 2 to 13 years of age in the control group. The vaccine impact was age-dependent: from 2 through 5 years of age the vaccine effectiveness was 34% (95% confidence interval: 1% to 52%) for PncCRM and 6% (-28 to 31) for the PncOMPC vaccine. For the age group of 6 to 12-13 years the vaccine effectiveness estimates for the PncCRM and PncOMPC groups were -13% (-137 to 46) and -2% (-123 to 54), respectively.CONCLUSIONSPncCRM vaccine reduced the tympanostomy tube placements up to 5 years of age. No impact on new surgical procedures could be demonstrated after that but the benefit achieved was sustained.

01 Apr 2013·Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryQ2 · MEDICINE

Panel 6: Vaccines

Q2 · MEDICINE

Review

Author: Godfroid, Fabrice ; Leach, Amanda ; Barenkamp, Stephen J. ; Murphy, Timothy F. ; Patel, Janak ; Grijalva, Carlos G. ; Selak, Sanja ; Pettigrew, Melinda M. ; Bakaletz, Lauren O. ; Pelton, Stephen I.

ObjectiveTo update progress on the effectiveness of vaccine for prevention of acute otitis media (AOM) and identification of promising candidate antigens againstStreptococcus pneumoniae, nontypeableHaemophilus influenzae, andMoraxella catarrhalis.Review MethodsLiterature searches were performed in OvidSP and PubMed restricted to articles published between June 2007 and September 2011. Search terms includedotitis media, vaccines, vaccine antigens, and each of the otitis pathogens and candidate antigens identified in the ninth conference report.ConclusionsThe current report provides further evidence for the effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in the prevention of otitis media. Observational studies demonstrate a greater decline in AOM episodes than reported in clinical efficacy trials. Unmet challenges include extending protection to additional serotypes and additional pathogens, the need to prevent early episodes, the development of correlates of protection for protein antigens, and the need to define where an otitis media vaccine strategy fits with priorities for child health.Implications for PracticeAcute otitis media continues to be a burden on children and families, especially those who suffer from frequent recurrences. The 7‐valent PCV (PCV7) has reduced the burden of disease as well as shifted the pneumococcal serotypes and the distribution of otopathogens currently reported in children with AOM. Antibiotic resistance remains an ongoing challenge. Multiple candidate antigens have demonstrated the necessary requirements of conservation, surface exposure, immunogenicity, and protection in animal models. Further research on the role of each antigen in pathogenesis, in the development of correlates of protection in animal models, and in new adjuvants to elicit responses in the youngest infants is likely to be productive and permit more antigens to move into human clinical trials.

100 Deals associated with Otitis media vaccine (Clarametyx Biosciences)

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Otitis Media	Preclinical	US	Clarametyx Biosciences, Inc.Startup	-

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Translational Medicine

Boost your research with our translational medicine data.

view full example data

Deal

Boost your decision using our deal data.

view full example data

Core Patent

Boost your research with our Core Patent data.

view full example data

Clinical Trial

Identify the latest clinical trials across global registries.

view full example data

Approval

Accelerate your research with the latest regulatory approval information.

view full example data

Regulation

Understand key drug designations in just a few clicks with Synapse.

view full example data

Chat with Hiro

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis


No Data

Otitis media vaccine (Clarametyx Biosciences)

Overview

Basic Info

Related

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Deal

Core Patent

Clinical Trial

Approval

Regulation