Fusarium sambucinum causes dry rot disease and postharvest storage losses in potatoes. Understanding the defense mechanisms of potato plants may lead to the development of rational disease control approaches. In the present study, "Kexin one" potato variety was infected with F. sambucinum, and samples were collected at 0, 10, and 20 d post-infection and analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry to determine metabolic differences. We identified 1049 significant differential metabolites belonging to 12 categories, including organic and amino acids and peptides, which can be biomarkers for dry rot in potatoes following F. sambucinum infection. Physiological and biochemical indicators of dry rot potatoes were explored, and the results were consistent with those of metabolomic data. The findings of this study provide a basis for the control of dry rot and prevention of postharvest losses in potatoes.

04 Mar 2025·Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry

Trigonelline alkaloid is effective in preventing doxorubicin-induced lung damage

Article

Author: Çiçek, Betül ; Atila Uslu, Gözde ; Yıldırım, Serkan ; Bolat, İsmail ; Uslu, Hamit

BACKGROUNDOne of the most popular chemotherapy medications is doxorubicin (DOX), however it can have non-negligible damage. When the underlying mechanisms of damage are investigated, the most prominent pathways are oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.AIMWe investigated the NF-κB/MAPK inflammatory pathway and cellular apoptosis to determine the efficacy of trigonelline alkaloid (TRIG) in preventing DOX-induced lung injury.METHODOLOGYThe study consisted of C, TRIG, DOX and TRIG+DOX groups. TRIG and TRIG+DOX groups received 50 mg/kg TRIG for 7 days. On day 8, DOX and TRIG+DOX groups received a single dose of 15 mg/kg DOX.RESULTSOur results showed that apoptosis markers and inflammation were higher in the DOX group. In contrast, TRIG pretreatment partially suppressed apoptosis and decreased inflammation by blocking the activation of the MAPK/NF-κB pathway, lowering IL-6 levels, and protecting the lung from apoptotic cell death.CONCLUSIONAssessing TRIG's effectiveness in lung tissue injury, this study may be a crucial first step.

01 Feb 2025·Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology

Trichoderma asperellum (T42)-mediated expression of CabHLH genes enhances nitrogen use efficiency and nutritional values of chickpea under salt and Fusarium wilt stresses

Author: Rai, Shashi Pandey ; Rai, Nidhi ; Sarma, Birinchi Kumar

Trichoderma asperellum T42 combats diverse phytopathogens and other stresses.However, its impact under combined stresses in modulating nutritional value and antioxidant properties in edible plant parts has not been thoroughly studied.Three chickpea cultivars, viz., wilt-resistant (JG-315), wilt-tolerant (JG-36), and wilt-susceptible (JG-62), were used to assess nutritional value and antioxidant contents under salt and pathogen (Foc)-challenged conditions.A sharp decrease in nodule numbers and biomass was observed in plants challenged with the combined stresses of Foc and salt in all three cultivars.However, seed treatment with T42 restored the nutritional value, enhanced antioxidant activities (1-2 folds) and increased total phenolic content (1.3-1.5 folds), protein (19-28%), proline, and micronutrients (7-28%) in chickpea seeds, particularly in the T42-treated plants subjected to the combined stress compared to the plants subjected to the combined stress without T42.The expression of two chickpea bHLH transcription factor genes, CabHLH114 and CabHLH115, associated with nodule development and nitrogen fixation, varied under different stresses.The genes were upregulated in T42-treated plants and correlated with the development of root nodules.The results thus suggest that Trichoderma-mediated expression of both nodulation-responsive genes led to the formation of healthy and functional nodules, which helped improve nitrogen use efficiency in the chickpea plants and contributed to the nutritional value of the chickpea seeds.The results highlighted that reduction in nutritional value due to environmental stresses could be restored in crop plants by applying potential bioagents such as T42 that restore nutritional quality and make the crops climate resilient.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Silicosis	Preclinical	China	Shanghai Selleck Biotechnology Co., Ltd.	15 Jun 2024
Silicosis	Preclinical	China	Huazhong University of Science & Technology	15 Jun 2024

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