A new bronchodilator preparation, decloxizine (UCB 1402), was investigated in comparison with Franol and with a placebo when given to 25 hospital patients suffering from chronic, obstructive lung ailments. The investigation was carried out in accordance with the cross-over, double-blind test method. The results are discussed and are presented in tables II and III, as well as in the sequential diagram figures 1, 2 and 3. The therapeutic effect of decloxizine proved to be significantly better than that of both Franol and a placebo. The bronchodilator and broncholytic effect of decloxizine was especially superior; this exerted itself with relative rapidity and was of longer duration. Three daily 50 mg doses of decloxizine proved sufficient to prevent asthma attacks and shortness of breath in the patients examined.The only side effect of decloxizine which might be mentioned is tiredness, which appeared in two patients. Meanwhile, however, a similar tiredness occurred with four patients during the placebo period. The favourable final result calls for, and gives stimulus to, a continuation of the clinical investigations concerning the effect of decloxizine in long-term treatment.