PURPOSEThe study's aim was to compare the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine 2-receptor antagonists (H₂RAs) and mucoprotective medicines (MPs) used for gastric acid-related disorders (GARD) in Australia and South Korea (Korea) from 2004 to 2017.METHODSPrescription data for PPIs, H₂RAs and MPs for Australian outpatients were extracted from the Australian Statistics on Medicines annual reports, with dose-specific and expenditure data obtained from Medicare. Similar data were obtained from Korean National Health Insurance Service claims data. We analysed the volume and expenditure of medicines use annually using the defined daily dose per 1,000 population per day. We calculated which medicines accounted for 90% of use and estimated the proportions of use for low- and high-dose PPIs.RESULTSWhile total utilisation for GARD medicines increased over time in both countries, patterns of use differed. Overall, use was somewhat higher in Australia but increased more rapidly in Korea. PPIs were used more extensively in Australia, while more MPs and H₂RAs were used in Korea. Expenditure and use of low-dose PPIs is escalating in Korea.CONCLUSIONThere were substantial differences in the use of GARD medicines in Australia and Korea over 14 years. Both countries face similar challenges to promote rational medicines use and contain medical care costs. The discrepant prescribing patterns can be attributed to differences in healthcare systems, pharmaceutical policies and demographics. This study provides a baseline to influence more rational use of these medicines. It provides insight into medicines policies for other countries that face similar challenges.

01 Aug 2016·Experimental and Therapeutic MedicineQ4 · MEDICINE

Benexate hydrochloride betadex modulates nitric oxide synthesis and cytokine expression in gastric ulcers

Q4 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Lee, Jae Min ; Choi, Hyuk Soon ; Jeen, Yoon Tae ; Kim, Chang Duck ; Hong, Junghwa ; Um, Soon Ho ; Keum, Bora ; Kim, Yoonjin ; Sul, Donggeun ; Lim, Ji-Youn ; Chun, Hoon Jai ; Seo, Yeon Seok ; Kim, Ye Ji ; Kim, Eun Sun ; Lee, Hong Sik ; Ryu, Ho Sang

The present study investigated benexate hydrochloride betadex (BHB)-mediated ulcer healing, and changes to microcirculation modulated through nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and anti-inflammatory activity. A rat model of gastric mucosal injury was established through injection of a 60% acetic acid solution into the stomach. Following ulcer induction, the rats were administered BHB orally for 5 days at doses of 0, 100, 300 or 1,000 mg/kg. The highest dose of BHB was also administered with or without L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME). The area of gastric ulcers was determined by planimetry, and expression of cyclooxygenases (COX), cytokines and NOS in stomach tissues were measured using western blotting. Compared with the control group, gastric ulcer size was significantly decreased in the 1,000 mg/kg BHB-treated group (P<0.05). Administration of BHB led to a significant increase in endothelial (e)NOS expression (P<0.05). Although acetic acid co-treatment with L-NAME induced more severe mucosal damage, BHB decreased COX expression and tumor necrosis factor-α levels when administered with the nitric oxide inhibitor, L-NAME (P<0.05). BHB exhibited protective effects in a rat model of gastric ulcers, which were associated with a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and the activation of eNOS.

01 Jul 2013·Modern RheumatologyQ4 · MEDICINE

Association of hepatitis B with antirheumatic drugs: a case–control study

Q4 · MEDICINE

Author: Tojo, Arinobu ; Tsukamoto, Hiroshi ; Oshima, Yasuo

Background: Though concern of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation by antirheumatic agents has limited therapeutic opportunities in HBV-infected rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, the relative risks (RR) among such agents have not been clarified.Objective: We compared the reporting of antirheumatic-agent-associated hepatitis B. Patients We assessed 92 hepatitis B cases and 98,069 controls from a population of 98,161 RA patients registered into the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) adverse event database between 2004 and 2010.Measurements A reporting odds ratio (ROR), a signal suggesting a risk for hepatitis B among antirheumatic agents, was measured.Results: Treatment with corticosteroids [ROR 2.3 (95 % confidence interval 1.3-4.0)], methotrexate [4.9 (3.9-6.0)], rituximab [7.2 (5.3-9.9)], tacrolimus [4.2 (1.5-11.9)], or reporting from Japan [2.2 (1.1-4.2)] were associated with higher signal, whereas adalimumab had a lower ROR [0.2 (0.1-0.4)].Limitations There are known limitations of spontaneous reporting, such as underreporting, the Weber effect, reporting bias, indication bias, and limited clin. information such as HBV status.Conclusions: Adalimumab's low reporting rate is most likely be due to notoriety.However, the possibility that adalimumab might suppress reactivation of HBV cannot be denied.Until the possibility is clarified in well-designed clin. studies, physicians should use adalimumab cautiously in patients with HBV.

100 Deals associated with Benexate Hydrochloride

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D02452	Benexate Hydrochloride	A02B	-

R&D Status

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute gastritis	Japan	Kyowa Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd.	18 Dec 1989
Chronic gastritis	Japan	Kyowa Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd.	18 Dec 1989
Stomach Ulcer	Japan	Kyowa Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd.	02 Oct 1987

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