Sophora alkaloids, including matrine, oxymatrine, and sophoridine, are quinolizidines found in plants used in traditional Chinese medicine such as Sophora flavescens and Sophora tonkinensis. Reports on acute Sophora alkaloid poisoning in humans outside of mainland China are lacking. This study aimed to characterize the clinical presentations, management, and outcomes of acute poisoning involving Sophora alkaloids in Hong Kong. We conducted a retrospective study of patients who were reported to the Hong Kong Poison Control Centre from all public emergency departments (EDs) in Hong Kong for acute poisoning involving Sophora alkaloids. Exposure was confirmed by laboratories, and data were collected between July 1, 2008 and June 30, 2021. We also analyzed patient demographics, clinical, management, and outcome characteristics. Among the 83 cases analyzed, S. flavescens was the major source (77.1%) of Sophora alkaloids and excessive dose was common (39.0%). Most patients (90.4%) had minor effects. Common clinical presentations were dizziness (83.1%), vomiting (72.3%), and palpitations (32.5%). No acute liver or kidney injuries or adverse skin reactions were observed. Treatment was primarily supportive and no patients underwent gastrointestinal decontamination, organ support treatment, or renal replacement therapy. Most patients (74.7%) were observed in the ED and only one required close monitoring in a cardiac care unit for prolonged QT interval after concurrent ciprofloxacin use. In contrast to the intravenous administration of S. flavescens, no adverse skin reactions were seen after oral consumption. Hepatoxicity, reported in in vitro and animal studies, and isolated human case reports, was not observed. In conclusion, excessive dose of S. flavescens is a common cause of acute Sophora alkaloid poisoning. Although most patients had mild symptoms, discrepancies in clinical presentations resulting from different formulations and varied experimental/clinical conditions call for further studies to evaluate the real-world risks of skin reactions and hepatoxicity of Sophora alkaloids.

01 Dec 2024·Industrial Crops and Products

Optimization and evaluation of biologically active compound with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties from peony seed meal

Author: Ziyu, Gu ; Jiang, Xinyu ; Khan, Ibrar Muhammad ; Gu, Ziyu ; Huang, Zhengxuan ; Wang, Zaigui ; Yang, Li ; Khalid, Anam ; Chen, Yuxia ; Wang, Xinyue ; Nassar, Nourhan

Peony seed meal is produced annually on a large scale in China, resulting in considerable solid residue.Unfortunately, most of this residue is discarded, thereby creating environmental pressure.However, the untapped medicinal value of peony seed meal prompted us to establish an efficient methodol. for optimizing the extraction and purification of total alkaloid, followed by a detailed anal. of its biol. activities.A single-factor experiment and an orthogonal test were used to identify the optimal extraction parameters.Then, further optimization was performed using the response surface methodol.The extract was enriched using D-101 macroporous adsorption resin.Subsequently, silica gel column chromatog. was used for separation, and high-performance liquid chromatog. was used for further separation and quantification.Meanwhile, gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify alkaloid components.Finally, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory were evaluated.The optimal extraction conditions substantially improved the yield of alkaloids.A total of 15 alkaloids were separatedGC-MS anal. revealed the presence of Sophoridine, which accounted for 91.88% of the total alkaloid content.The antibacterial activity of the total alkaloid was tested, and the lowest inhibitory concentrations of E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus ATCC 29213 were 0.04516 and 0.05645 mg/mL, resp.Addnl., total alkaloid had an inhibitory effect on ear swelling induced by xylene and toe swelling induced by egg white, reducing by 80% and 24%, resp.The current research discovered the antibacterial activity of PSM alkaloid, which has important practical significance for the research and development of new plant-derived antibacterial agents.

01 Nov 2024·Chemical Engineering Journal

Enhancing Bone-Titanium integration through hydrogel coating mediated sequential M1/M2 polarization of interfacial macrophages

Author: Wang, Huimin ; Liu, Hanghang ; Wang, Man ; Wang, Zheng ; Hu, Yan ; Yan, Honghan ; Yang, Changying ; Liu, Jin ; Yu, Aixi ; Ran, Jiabing ; Zeng, Hao

Regulating phenotype′s of in situ macrophages Mϕ is a cutting-edge strategy for promoting bone-Titanium (Ti) integration but what is the most rational modulation manner has long been controversial.Short-term inducing in situ M1 Mϕ polarization or inducing in situ M2 Mϕ polarization have proven to be capable of promoting osseointegration.However, an increasing number of researches have claimed that sequentially inducing in situ M1/M2 Mϕ polarization, compared to the above-mentioned two strategies, could further enhance osseointegration.In this work, we compared the capability of the three different modulation manners to promote osseointegration.Briefly, we anchored a homogeneous Poly(HEMA-co-3APBA)/LUT /SOP hydro gel coating, which could sequentially release pro-inflammatory sophoridine (SOP) mols. and anti-inflammatory luteolin (LUT) mols. through pH mediated conformational transition of Ph boronic acid ester bonds, on the surface of Ti implants.Ti implants coated with the Poly(HEMA-co-3APBA)/SOP hydro gel or the Poly(HEMA-co-3APBA)/LUT hydro gel, which merely released SOP mols. and LUT mols. resp. were utilized as controls.In vitro Mϕ co-culture assays proved the immuno regulation functions of different hydro gel coatings in inducing Mϕ polarization, and the rationale behind which was identified to be related to the PI3K-AKT signaling pathways.In addition the immuno regulation mediated osteogenic differentiation behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were also investigated.Implantation of as preparation Ti nails to a rat femur defect model followed by evaluations of H &E staining, Masson staining, immuno histochem. staining, etc. proved the stronger capability to enhance osseointegration of inducing sequential M1/M2 Mϕ polarization than short-term inducing in situ M1 Mϕ polarization or inducing in situ M2 Mϕ polarization.This work not only reported a novel Ti implant with superior osseointegration capability but also will inspire corresponding researches in the future.

100 Deals associated with Sophoridine hydrochloride

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Neoplasms	China	Tonghua Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Startup	22 Aug 2005

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