WY-49422

Cellulose derived adsorbent has attracted increasing interest owing to its low production cost, easy modification and biocompatibility.However, the intrinsic deficiencies of cellulose, including weak mech. property and high crystallinity, seriously compromise the separation efficiency.To overcome these issues, a pre-crosslinking method together with the hybridization of agarose is proposed for constructing high-strength and low-crystallinity cellulose-based microspheres.Through the pre-crosslinking method, the crosslinking reaction between polysaccharides and epichlorohydrin is homogeneous, which endows the microspheres with high mech. strength for better recyclability.Meanwhile, the introduction of agarose disorders the ordered aggregation of cellulose, by which more amorphous regions are created for high sp. surface area.Finally, after being modified with 2-diethylethylamine hydrochloride, the proposed anionic adsorbent showed both high maximum adsorption capacities (BSA: 307.6 mg g-1; BHb: 161.4 mg g-1).Together with excellent mech. stability, the proposed cellulose/agarose composite microspheres have a great potential in protein separation

The ability of heart and skeletal muscle (SM) to switch between fat and carbohydrate oxidation is of high interest in the study of metabolic diseases and exercise physiology. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with the glucose analog 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG) provides a noninvasive means to quantitate glucose metabolic rates. However, evaluation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) rates by PET has been limited by the lack of a suitable FAO probe. We have developed a metabolically trapped oleate analog, ( Z)-18-[18F]fluoro-4-thia-octadec-9-enoate (18F-FTO), and investigated the feasibility of using 18F-FTO and 18F-FDG to measure FAO and glucose uptake, respectively, in heart and SM of rats in vivo. To enhance the metabolic rates in SM, the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle was electrically stimulated in fasted rats for 30 min before and 30 min following radiotracer injection. The responses of radiotracer uptake patterns to pharmacological inhibition of FAO were assessed by pretreatment of the rats with the carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1 (CPT-1) inhibitor sodium 2-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-pentyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate (POCA). Small-animal PET images and biodistribution data with 18F-FTO and 18F-FDG demonstrated profound metabolic switching for energy provision in the myocardium from exogenous fatty acids to glucose in control and CPT-1-inhibited rats, respectively. Uptake of both radiotracers was low in unstimulated SM. In stimulated VL muscle, 18F-FTO and 18F-FDG uptakes were increased 4.4- and 28-fold, respectively, and CPT-1 inhibition only affected 18F-FTO uptake (66% decrease). 18F-FTO is a FAO-dependent PET probe that may allow assessment of energy substrate metabolic switching in conjunction with 18F-FDG and other metabolic probes.