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This study presents a visible light-enhanced electrochemical sensor for detecting furazolidone (FZD), a widely used antibiotic, using a magnetoplasmonic Ag@Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle (MagPlas NPs)-modified screen-printed electrode (SPE). Under visible light irradiation, the MagPlas-based electrochemical sensor demonstrates significantly enhanced sensitivity compared to its performance in the absence of light. This enhancement is attributed to multiple synergistic mechanisms, including photosensitization of MagPlas NPs, improved electron transfer kinetics, and increased adsorption capacity. The sensor exhibits a linear response to FZD concentrations over a wide range, achieving a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.477 μM with visible light irradiation, demonstrating the sensor's high sensitivity. It also demonstrates good repeatability and anti-interference ability, and can be successfully applied for the determination of FZD in real milk samples. This electrochemical sensor offers a promising approach for rapid, sensitive, and reliable detection of FZD in various applications.

Background:Campylobacter causes gastroenteritis worldwide with increasing antimicrobial resistance. Furazolidone (FZD) shows potential in resource-poor areas but needs further study. We aimed to assess the in vitro susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. to FZD, ciprofloxacin (CIP), and erythromycin (ERY) in a high-risk pediatric cohort and to evaluate the clinical relevance of resistance patterns using inhibitory quotient (IQ) pharmacodynamics. Methods: A two-phase prospective study (2012-2013, 2014-2015) was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Lima, Peru. Stool samples from children ≤24 months were cultured on selective media, with Campylobacter isolates identified via conventional bacteriological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and regression-derived minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). IQ analysis correlated inhibition zones with therapeutic outcomes. Results: Among 194 Campylobacter isolates (C. jejuni: 28%; C. coli: 72%), resistance to CIP declined from 97.7% (2012-2013) to 83% (2014-2015), while ERY resistance rose from 2.3% to 9.4% (p= 0.002). No FZD resistance was observed, with mean inhibition zones of 52 ± 8 mm (2012-2013) and 43 ± 10.5 mm (2014-2015). MICs for FZD were predominantly <0.125 μg/mL, and all susceptible isolates demonstrated favorable IQ outcomes. Multidrug resistance (≥2 drugs) increased to 6.2% (2014-2015), though all MDR strains retained FZD susceptibility. CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints showed concordance for ERY (p = 0.724) but discordance for CIP (p = 0.022 vs. 0.008). Conclusions: FZD exhibits sustained in vitro efficacy against Campylobacter spp., even among MDR strains, contrasting with escalating fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance.