Delving into the Latest Updates on ADSC-Exos with Synapse

Hyperglycemia exacerbates diabetic chronic wounds by inducing oxidative damage and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), impairing re-epithelialization. This study investigated the protective role of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) against high glucose (HG)-induced keratinocyte injury and diabetic wound healing impairment. ADSC-Exos were isolated via density gradient ultracentrifugation, characterized using NTA, TEM, and immunoblotting, and applied to HG-treated HaCaT cells and diabetic mouse wounds. In vitro, ADSC-Exos significantly mitigated HG-induced oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage (8-OHdG), and lipid peroxidation (MDA), while enhancing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT). Mechanistically, ADSC-Exos suppressed KEAP1, activated the NRF2/HO-1 pathway, and attenuated pathological EMT-like changes by restoring E-cadherin and suppressing N-cadherin, α-SMA, and Vimentin. In diabetic mice, ADSC-Exos accelerated wound closure, improved collagen deposition, and reduced inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). These findings demonstrate that ADSC-Exos promote diabetic wound healing by alleviating oxidative stress and pathological EMT-like changes via KEAP1/NRF2/HO-1 signaling, supporting their potential as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic chronic wounds.

01 Dec 2025·INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

Experimental investigation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of osteoporosis via the hsa_circ_0028877/miR-4728-3p/PTCH1 axis

Article

Author: Li, Jianqiao ; Li, Yiheng ; Wang, Linhui ; Wang, Yicong ; Gu, Yifan ; Chen, Yuhu ; Gu, Qingsong ; Yang, Min ; Wang, Ziru

BACKGROUND:

hsa_circ_0028877 may serve as a biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) based on bioinformatics analysis; nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains ambiguous. ADSCs-derived exosomes (ADSCs-exos), as an innovative cell-free therapeutic agent that influences numerous biological processes, including immunological modulation, reduction of oxidative damage, and enhancement of tissue repair and regeneration.

OBJECTIVE:

In vitro experiments were performed to evaluate the impact of hsa_circ_0028877 on cellular proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and osteoclast differentiation. The study examined the regulatory function of ADSCs-exos on the hsa_circ_0028877/miR-4728-3p/PTCH1 axis and its therapeutic implications for osteoporosis.

METHODS:

The ovariectomised rat (OVX) model was employed to simulate PMOP. The impact of hsa_circ_0028877 overexpression and knockdown on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were examined. The RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) method was employed to validate the connection among hsa_circ_0028877, miR-4728-3p, and PTCH1. ADSCs-exos modulate their downstream molecular pathway by obstructing the nuclear transport of hsa_circ_0028877. The impact of ADSCs-exos on bone mass, trabecular microstructure, and the mineralization capacity of BMSCs was evaluated in a rat model.

RESULTS:

hsa_circ_0028877 is significantly expressed in ovariectomised rat BMSCs. hsa_circ_0028877 enhances PTCH1 expression through its interaction with miR-4728-3p. ADSCs-exos can rehabilitate bone mass in the distal femur of ovariectomised rats. ADSCs-exos facilitate osteogenesis by obstructing the nuclear export of hsa_circ_0028877, significantly boosting trabecular microstructure and mineralization in the BMSCs of ovariectomised rats.

CONCLUSION:

ADSCs-exos promote osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in BMSCs by obstructing the nuclear export of hsa_circ_0028877 and modulating the hsa_circ_0028877/miR-4728-3p/PTCH1 axis, thereby improving PMOP.

01 Nov 2025·BURNS

ADSC-derived exosome-loaded in-situ photocrosslinkable GelMA hydrogels as a treatment strategy for wound healing

Article

Author: Zhang, Jinli ; Liu, Changling ; Xie, Xiaona ; Li, Xiaojian ; Zhang, Zhi ; Hu, Yiping

BACKGROUND:

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) show great promise in wound healing and cutaneous regeneration, but their therapeutic efficacy is limited by rapid systemic clearance, preventing sustained local action at the wound site. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is a photocrosslinking hydrogel with good biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of GelMA hydrogels loaded with ADSC-Exos (GelMA/ADSC-Exos hydrogels) on the wound healing of full-thickness skin defects.

METHODS:

GelMA/ADSC-Exos hydrogels were prepared, and their physical and sustained-release properties were investigated. To assess the effect of GelMA/ADSC-Exos hydrogels on angiogenesis in vitro, the abilities of proliferation, migration, and tube formation of on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured on GelMA/ADSC-Exos hydrogels were assayed. The effect of GelMA/ADSC-Exo hydrogels on wound healing was assessed using a mouse full-thickness excisional skin wound model. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, RNA sequencing was performed, and the effect of GelMA/ADSC-Exo hydrogels on the activity of macrophages was confirmed in vitro.

RESULTS:

The composite GelMA/ADSC-Exo hydrogels exhibited desirable mechanical and sustained release properties. They accelerated HUVEC proliferation, adhesion, and tube formation, as well as promoted wound healing in mice with full-thickness skin defects. Further studies showed that these hydrogels promoted macrophage M2 polarization and inhibited the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

CONCLUSIONS:

The GelMA/ADSC-Exo hydrogels could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for wound healing.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Osteoarthritis, Knee	Preclinical	China	Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine	11 Jul 2025
Osteoarthritis, Knee	Preclinical	China	Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine	11 Jul 2025