A practical measure of soil pollution can effectively control the utilization of contaminated soil during the remediation process. In this study, Erigeron breviscapus was used as the experimental material. Soil polluted with high concentrations of cadmium (Cd) was used to study the effects of different doses of attapulgite (AP) (0, 10, 20, and 40 kg^-1 for AP0, AP10, AP20, and AP40, respectively) on the yield and quality of E. breviscapus (as measured by scutellarin), as well as soil remediation. The results showed that the yield and scutellarin content of E. breviscapus decreased by 33.4% and 78.9%, respectively, in soil contaminated with high concentrations of Cd (AP0) compared with the control soil (without Cd added). Moreover, the yield increased by 48.0% and 10.6% in AP20 and AP40, respectively, compared with AP0, and the scutellarin content increased by a factor of 2.35-2.41 in AP10, AP20, and AP40. Compared with AP0, the soil Cd content decreased by 22.5-26.2% in AP10, AP20, and AP40 and the available Cd content and acid-extractable Cd fraction in the soil also decreased. The catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, chlorophyll, and Fe²⁺ content were increased in AP10, AP20, and AP40, leading to an increased yield and scutellarin content. Overall, AP20 had the best effect on the yield, quality of E. breviscapus, and soil remediation. This study provides a practical measure to consider for concurrent benefits of pollution remediation and utilization of Cd-contaminated soil.

01 Nov 2022·Life Sciences in Space Research

Countermeasure efficacy of apigenin for silicon-ion-induced early damage in blood and bone marrow of exposed C57BL/6J mice

Article

Author: Peanlikhit, Tanat ; Rithidech, Kanokporn ; Honikel, Louise ; Zimmerman, Thomas ; Liu, Jingxuan

We investigated the countermeasure efficacy of apigenin (AP), given as a diet supplement, for radiation-induced damage in the hematopoietic tissues collected on day 7 after a total-body exposure of male C57BL/6J mice to 0 or 0.5 Gy of 260 MeV/n silicon (²⁸Si) ions. We gave food with AP at the concentration of 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) (AP20) or without AP (AP0) to mice before and after irradiation. There were four groups of mice (six mice in each): Group 1- Control, i.e. No Radiation (0 Gy) with AP0; Group 2 - Radiation (0.5 Gy) with AP0; Group 3 - No Radiation (0 Gy) with AP20; and Group 4 - Radiation (0.5 Gy) with AP20. The complete blood count (CBC) and differential blood count were performed for each mouse. In the same mouse, an anti-clastogenic activity of AP was evaluated using the in vivo blood-erythrocyte micronucleus (MN) assay. Further in each mouse, bone marrow (BM) cells were collected and used for measuring the levels of activated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e. tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6). We used the colony-forming unit assay (CFU-A) as a tool to study the countermeasure efficacy of AP against the harmful effects of ²⁸Si ions on the proliferation of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Our results showed that AP is highly effective not only in the prevention of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia but also in the enhancement of erythropoiesis and the proliferation of HSPCs. We also observed the potent anti-clastogenic activity of AP given to mice as a diet supplement. Further, we found that AP is very effective in the suppression of activated NF-κB and pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that AP given as a diet supplement protects mice from ²⁸Si-ion-induced damage in the hematopoietic tissues of irradiated male C57BL/6J mice via its anti-inflammation activity.

01 Jun 2014·Animal Reproduction ScienceQ3 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Reproductive performance, semen quality, and fatty acid profile of spermatozoa in senescent broiler breeder roosters as enhanced by the long-term feeding of dried apple pomace

Q3 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Article

Author: Zhandi, M ; Akhlaghi, A ; Jafari Ahangari, Y ; Peebles, E D

Avian spermatozoa are characteristically high in polyunsaturated fatty acids which predispose them to lipoperoxidation, thereby diminishing their fertility. As a by-product, well-known for antioxidative properties, dried apple pomace (AP) was fed to aging Ross 308 breeder roosters (n=80) at the dietary inclusion levels of 0 (AP0), 10 (AP10), 20 (AP20), or 25 (AP25) percent for 14 consecutive weeks. Seminal traits were studied every other week. At the end of the trial, sperm fatty acids profile, seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), fertility, hatchability, and hatchling quality were evaluated, using 240 artificially-inseminated young hens. Dietary AP increased sperm motility and livability and decreased the seminal content of thiobarbituric acid reactive species. Dietary treatment and age interacted to positively affect sperm concentration and sperm membrane integrity. Feeding AP was associated with an increase in C20:4(n-6), C22:4(n-6), and total unsaturated fatty acids percentages. Birds in the AP25 and AP20 treatment groups respectively showed 6 and 7% increases in fertility rate. Interestingly, a higher hatchability rate was found for AP20 group, associated with a higher number of sperm penetration holes in the perivitelline membrane and a lower rate of early embryonic mortality. However, hatchling quality was not affected by dietary AP. Overall, these data suggest that AP could remarkably improve several sperm characteristics, seminal TAC, fertility, and hatchability rate in aging breeder roosters. These improvements were also associated with a higher content of total unsaturated FA in the sperm plasma membrane. Future studies are needed to disclose the causal mechanisms involved.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Osteoarthritis	Phase 1	KR	Aprogen, Inc.	10 Feb 2022

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