Author: Patrick D. Addison ; Michael A. Moses ; Peter C. Neligan ; Ning Huang ; Christopher R. Forrest ; Cho Y. Pang ; Homa Ashrafpour ; Ronald H. Levine

Various laboratories have reported that local subcutaneous or subdermal injection of VEGF165 at the time of surgery effectively attenuated ischemic necrosis in rat skin flaps, but the mechanism was not studied and enhanced angiogenesis was implicated. In the present study, we used the clinically relevant isolated perfused 6 × 16-cm pig buttock skin flap model to 1) test our hypothesis that VEGF165 is a potent vasodilator and acute VEGF165 treatment increases skin perfusion; and 2) investigate the mechanism of VEGF165-induced skin vasorelaxation. We observed that VEGF165 (5 × 10–16–5 × 10–11 M) elicited a concentration-dependent decrease in perfusion pressure (i.e., vasorelaxation) in skin flaps preconstricted with a submaximal concentration of norepinephrine (NE), endothelin-1, or U-46619. The VEGF165-induced skin vasorelaxation was confirmed using a dermofluorometry technique for assessment of skin perfusion. The vasorelaxation potency of VEGF165 in NE-preconstricted skin flaps (pD2 = 13.57 ± 0.31) was higher ( P < 0.05) than that of acetylcholine (pD2 = 7.08 ± 0.24). Human placental factor, a specific VEGF receptor-1 agonist, did not elicit any vasorelaxation effect. However, a specific antibody to VEGF receptor-2 (1 μg/ml) or a specific VEGF receptor-2 inhibitor (5 × 10–6 M SU-1498) blocked the vasorelaxation effect of VEGF165 in NE-preconstricted skin flaps. These observations indicate that the potent vasorelaxation effect of VEGF165 in the skin vasculature is initiated by the activation of VEGF receptor-2. Furthermore, using pharmacological probes, we observed that the postreceptor signaling pathways of VEGF165-induced skin vasorelaxation involved activation of phospholipase C and protein kinase C, an increase in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate activity, release of the intra-cellular Ca2+ store, and synthesis/release of endothelial nitric oxide, which predominantly triggered the effector mechanism of VEGF165-induced vasorelaxation. This information provides, for the first time, an important insight into the mechanism of VEGF165 protein or gene therapy in the prevention/treatment of ischemia in skin flap surgery and skin ischemic diseases.

01 Jan 2000·Journal of BiochemistryQ4 · BIOLOGY

An Easy Cell-Free Protein Synthesis System Dependent on the Addition of Crude Escherichia coli tRNA

Q4 · BIOLOGY

Article

Author: Kazuyuki Takai ; Shigeyuki Yokoyama ; Takayuki Kanda ; Hiroshi Takaku

The protein-synthesizing S30 extract of Escherichia coli contains tRNA, which limits its applications in cell-free protein synthesis. Here, we show that at least Arg- and Ser-acceptor activities can be removed from a standard S30 extract by treatment with an immobilized RNase A resin. This RNase-treated extract exhibits no protein synthesis activity, but regains it when supplied with crude E. coli tRNA and a small amount of human placental RNase inhibitor. The protein synthesis is dependent on the addition of tRNA in the presence of the RNase inhibitor. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase was synthesized with this system and found to be active.

01 Nov 1995·Biochemical and Biophysical Research CommunicationsQ3 · BIOLOGY

Recombinant Human Pancreatic Ribonuclease Produced in E. coli : Importance of the Amino-Terminal Sequence

Q3 · BIOLOGY

Article

Author: Satimaru Seno ; Megumi Kosaka ; Hiroko Tada ; Junichiro Futami ; Hidenori Yamada ; Masaharu Seno

Human pancreatic ribonuclease 1 (hRNase 1) in the mature form has been produced in E. coli using T7 expression system. The recombinant hRNase 1 protein was solubilized from the inclusion bodies, refolded in glutathione redox system, and purified through chromatographic procedures by utilizing cation-exchange and reversed-phase columns. The ribonucleolytic activity of recombinant hRNase 1 was examined on yeast RNA and cytidylyl-3',5'-adenosine revealing the distinctive ribonucleolytic activity. The activity was perfectly inhibited by human placental RNase inhibitor. Truncation of 7 amino acid residues in the amino-terminal sequence resulted in much reduction in ribonucleolytic activity and in affinity to human placental RNase inhibitor with the disintegration of secondary structures of the protein observed by circular dichroism spectra. The present study has revealed the important contribution of the amino-terminal sequence of hRNase 1 to the characteristics of the protein.

100 Deals associated with Human Placental Tissue Hydrolysate(Guangzhou Youcare Biopharmaceutics Co Ltd)

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Genital Diseases, Female	CN	Guangzhou Yuekang Biology Pharmacy Co. Ltd.	01 Jan 1994
Surgical Adhesion	CN	Guangzhou Yuekang Biology Pharmacy Co. Ltd.	01 Jan 1994

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