Study of the Activity of Thymic Humoral Factor (THF Gamma 2) on HIV Load in HIV-Positive Individuals With CD4+ Cell Counts in the Range of 200-500 Cells/mm3

To investigate the safety of thymic humoral factor (THF gamma 2), its effect on HIV load based on at least a 75 percent decrease in HIV quantitative PCR RNA copies/ml, and its persistence when administered in combination with an antiretroviral nucleoside derivative (zidovudine; AZT). To assess the effects of THF gamma 2 on T-cells, quality of life, and progression of disease.

Start Date-

Sponsor / Collaborator

Pharmacia Corp.

100 Clinical Results associated with Thymoctonan

100 Translational Medicine associated with Thymoctonan

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Thymoctonan

Literatures (Medical) associated with Thymoctonan

01 Dec 2020·Expert Opinion on Biological TherapyQ3 · MEDICINE

Precursors of thymic peptides as stress sensors

Q3 · MEDICINE

Review

Author: Lunin, Sergey ; Parfenyuk, Svetlana ; Novoselova, E ; Novoselova, Tatyana ; Glushkova, Olga ; Khrenov, Maxim

INTRODUCTIONA large volume of data indicates that the known thymic hormones, thymulin, thymopoietin, thymosin-α, thymosin-β, and thymic humoral factor-y2, exhibit different spectra of activities. Although large in volume, available data are rather fragmented, resulting in a lack of understanding of the role played by thymic hormones in immune homeostasis.AREA COVEREDExisting data compartmentalizes the effect of thymic peptides into 2 categories: influence on immune cells and interconnection with neuroendocrine systems. The current study draws attention to a third aspect of the thymic peptide effect that has not been clarified yet, wherein ubiquitous and highly abundant intranuclear precursors of so called 'thymic peptides' play a fundamental role in all somatic cells.EXPERT OPINIONOur analysis indicated that, under certain stress-related conditions, these precursors are cleaved to form immunologically active peptides that rapidly leave the nucleus and intracellular spaces, to send 'distress signals' to the immune system, thereby acting as stress sensors. We propose that these peptides may form a link between somatic cells and immune as well as neuroendocrine systems. This model may provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying immune homeostasis, leading thereby to the development of new therapeutic regimes utilizing the characteristics of thymic peptides.

01 Sep 2020·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and ProteomicsQ4 · BIOLOGY

Degradation of thymic humoral factor γ2 in human, rat and mouse blood: An experimental and theoretical study

Q4 · BIOLOGY

Article

Author: Tipton, Keith F ; Davey, Gavin P ; McDonald, Andrew G ; Martignoni, Marcella ; Benedetti, Margherita

The degradation of the immunomodulatory octapeptide, thymic humoral factor γ2 (THF-γ2, thymoctonan) has been studied in whole blood samples from human, rat and mouse. The peptide, Leu-Glu-Asp-Gly-Pro-Lys-Phe-Leu, was shown to be rapidly degraded by peptidases. The half-life of the intact peptide was less than 6 min at 37 °C in blood from the three species tested. The main fragments formed from THF-γ2 were found to be Glu-Asp-Gly-Pro-Lys-Phe-Leu (2-8), Asp-Gly-Pro-Lys-Phe-Leu (3-8) and Glu-Asp-Gly-Pro-Lys (2-6) in human and in rat blood and 2-8 and 2-6 in mouse blood. Analysis of the time course of degradation revealed a sequential removal of single amino acids from the N-terminus (aminopeptidase activities) in a process that was apparently unable to cleave the Gly-Pro bond (positions 4-5 in the peptide) together with an independent cleavage of the Lys-Phe bond (positions 6-7 in the peptide) to release the dipeptide Phe-Leu. This behaviour and the effects of inhibitors showed the involvement of metallo-exopeptidases in the N-terminal digestion and a phosphoramidon-sensitive metallo-endopeptidase in the cleavage of the Lys-Phe bond. The degradation patterns in human blood were modelled in terms of the competing pathways involved approximating to first-order kinetics, and an analytical solution obtained via the method of Laplace Transforms. The half-life of THF degradation in whole rat blood sample was found to be significantly lower than in human or mouse.

01 Mar 2017·Journal of the American Society for Mass SpectrometryQ3 · CHEMISTRY

Graphene Oxide as a Novel Evenly Continuous Phase Matrix for TOF-SIMS

Q3 · CHEMISTRY

Article

Author: Li, Zhanping ; Zhang, Xinrong ; Xia, Mengchan ; Zhang, Sichun ; Chen, Hongyuan ; Cai, Lesi ; Sheng, Linfeng

Using matrix to enhance the molecular ion signals for biomolecule identification without loss of spatial resolution caused by matrix crystallization is a great challenge for the application of TOF-SIMS in real-world biological research. In this report, graphene oxide (GO) was used as a matrix for TOF-SIMS to improve the secondary ion yields of intact molecular ions ([M + H]⁺). Identifying and distinguishing the molecular ions of lipids (m/z >700) therefore became straightforward. The spatial resolution of TOF-SIMS imaging could also be improved as GO can form a homogeneous layer of matrix instead of crystalline domain, which prevents high spatial resolution in TOF-SIMS imaging. Lipid mapping in presence of GO revealed the delicate morphology and distribution of single vesicles with a diameter of 800 nm. On GO matrix, the vesicles with similar shape but different chemical composition could be distinguished using molecular ions. This novel matrix holds potentials in such applications as the analysis and imaging of complex biological samples by TOF-SIMS. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.

100 Deals associated with Thymoctonan

R&D Status

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
HIV Infections	Phase 2	-	Pfizer Inc.	-
HIV Infections	Phase 2	France	-	-
HIV Infections	Phase 2	-	Yeda Pharma	-
Neoplasms	Phase 2	Israel	-	-
Virus Diseases	Phase 2	Germany	-	-
Virus Diseases	Phase 2	Italy	Pharmacia Corp.	-
Virus Diseases	Phase 2	United Kingdom	-	-
Virus Diseases	Phase 2	Switzerland	-	-
Virus Diseases	Phase 2	United States	-	-

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