14C-Pentetrazol

Epilepsy is a neurodegenerative disease closely associated with oxidative stress and neuronal damage, posing a grave threat to human health.Unfortunately, the prompt diagnosis and effective treatment of epilepsy currently remain a substantial challenge.Here, a novel two-dimensional fluorescent probe, NIR-VO, has been rationally developed for the detection of LDs viscosity and ONOO^- changes in epilepsy models.It is worth noting that the high-throughput screening of common antioxidants has been achieved using the probe′s non-interfering dual-channel feedback signals, and the exptl. results indicate that melatonin has the optimal antioxidant stress response and neuroprotective effects.More significantly, melatonin has also exhibited tremendous antiepileptic potential in the imaging of cell, zebrafish and mice epilepsy models.It is expected that this work will provide new insights for the construction of innovative multidimensional fluorescent probes, and boost the advancement of diagnosis and treatment research for epilepsy and related neurol. diseases.

Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affecting approximately 1% of the global population. Despite the availability of antiepileptic drugs, a significant proportion of patients experience uncontrolled seizures, which necessitates the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. Herbal medicine has gained attention due to its potential anticonvulsant properties.

This study aimed to assess the anticonvulsant effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of oregano, chamomile, and lavender in rats' pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)- induced seizure model. Furthermore, it sought to formulate and evaluate a mucoadhesive nasal hydrogel containing these extracts.

The herbal extracts were prepared using ethanol (70%) through maceration and analyzed based on the Iranian Herbal Pharmacopeia standards. Total phenolic content (TPC) was quantified using the spectrophotometric method to standardize the extracts. Using various gelling agents, the nasal hydrogel formulation was optimized for mucoadhesion and gelation properties. The anticonvulsant activity was evaluated in vivo using seizure models induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).

The herbal extracts met the pharmacopeial standards, and the nasal hydrogel formulation demonstrated favorable physicochemical properties, including optimal pH and mucoadhesive strength. In vivo studies showed that intranasal administration of the herbal extracts significantly delayed seizure onset and reduced seizure intensity at a dose of 34mg/kg, compared to the negative control group (P<0.001).

The smart mucoadhesive nasal hydrogel containing oregano, chamomile, and lavender extracts exhibited promising anticonvulsant activity, suggesting its potential as a novel, non-invasive alternative for epilepsy management.