S-777469

We investigated the effects of S-777469 (1-[[6-Ethyl-1-[4-fluorobenzyl]-5-methyl-2-oxo-1, 2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonyl]amino]-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid), a novel cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2) agonist, on 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB)-induced ear inflammation and mite antigen-induced dermatitis in mice. The oral administration of S-777469 significantly suppressed DNFB-induced ear swelling in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, S-777469 significantly alleviated mite antigen-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. A histological analysis revealed that S-777469 significantly reduced the epidermal thickness and the number of mast cells infiltrating skin lesions. We demonstrated that S-777469 inhibited mite antigen-induced eosinophil accumulation in skin lesions and an endogenous CB2 ligand, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)-induced eosinophil migration in vitro. Moreover, we confirmed that 2-AG levels significantly increased in skin lesions of mite antigen-induced dermatitis model. Together, these results suggest that S-777469 inhibits skin inflammation in mice by blocking the activities of 2-AG.

1. It was previously demonstrated that 10% of S-777469, a cannabinoid receptor 2 selective agonist, is metabolized to its carboxylic acid metabolite (S-777469 5-carboxylic acid, 5-CA) in humans in vivo, while the formation of 5-CA is extremely low in human cryopreserved hepatocytes and liver microsomes (HLMs). In this study, factors causing the different metabolite formation rates of S-777469 in vitro and in vivo were investigated. 2. Formation of 5-CA and S-777469 5-hydroxymethyl (5-HM), a precursor metabolite of 5-CA, was catalyzed by CYP2C9. Arachidonic acid, α-linolenic acid, oleic acid and myristic acid, which have been reported to exist in liver microsomes, inhibited S-777469 oxidation by CYP2C9, but serum albumin enhanced this reactions. 3. The IC50 values of these fatty acids for 5-CA formation from 5-HM were lower than those of 5-HM formation from S-777469. Serum albumin extensively enhanced 5-CA formation from 5-HM in comparison to 5-HM formation from S-777469. 4. CYP2C9 was the enzyme responsible for S-777469 oxidation in human livers. The suppressive effects of several fatty acids and enhancing action of serum albumin in vitro are likely to be the causal factors for the apparently different rates of in vitro and in vivo metabolite formation of S-777469.