Lysine (Lys) and arginine (Arg) play a crucial role in the human diets, medical diagnostics, and functional biomaterial synthesis. The imbalance of intake for these two amino acids causes various diseases. Although many analytical techniques have been reported for the detection of amino acids, there are still some issues such as the need for bulky instruments, professional operators, sensitivity to be improved, and real-time detection. Here, a novel colorimetric-fluorimetric probe based on a terphenyl derivative (TPT) has been synthesized for the precise detection of Lys and Arg. In the EtOH-H₂O solution of TPT, the NH₂ group at the chain end of Lys/Arg undergoes a nucleophilic addition reaction with CN groups of benzothiazole groups of the probe TPT, which breaks the initial long-conjugated system of the probe molecule. As a result, blue shifts can be observed for both UV-vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra, accompanying with color changes of the TPT solution. The UV-vis absorption peak of TPT solution shifts from ∼410 nm to ∼325 nm, and the solution color changes from light-yellow to colorless. The fluorescence emission shifts from ∼580 nm to ∼470 nm and the bright-yellow TPT solution changes to blue under the irradiation of 365 nm UV light. For colorimetric method, the limits of detection (LoD) are 0.82 μM and 0.90 μM for Lys and Arg, respectively. For fluorimetric method, they are 2.02 nM and 1.62 nM for Lys and Arg, respectively. In addition, TPT has good selectivity and anti-interference for Lys and Arg. The synthesized probe TPT has been successfully used for the precise detection of Lys and Arg in drugs and for fluorescence imaging of living cells. This work demonstrates that terphenyl-based derivatives are promising organic probes for the detection of Lys and Arg, providing a new way for designing other amino acids probes.

01 Dec 2024·Journal of Hazardous Materials

Multigenerational effects of combined exposure of triphenyltin and micro/nanoplastics on marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma): From molecular levels to behavioral response

Article

Author: Li, Ping ; Liu, Bin ; Feng, Jian-Xue ; Wang, Cun-Long ; Li, Zhi-Hua ; Liu, Ling ; Ma, Yu-Qing ; Xu, Ya-Nan ; Chen, Cheng-Zhuang

In natural environments, micro/nanoplastics (MNP) inevitably coexist with various pollutants, making it essential to examine their combined toxicity and intergenerational effects on marine organisms. This study investigated the combined toxicity and intergenerational effects of exposure to triphenyltin (T), microplastics (M), nanoplastics (N), a combination of microplastics and triphenyltin (MT), and a combination of nanoplastics and triphenyltin (NT) on marine medaka. The results showed that all treatments had adverse and intergenerational effects on marine medaka. Regarding oxidative stress and energy metabolism, smaller sized plastic particles caused more significant damage to the organisms. However, MT inflicted greater gonadal system damage than NT, leading to imbalanced sex hormone levels. Additionally, T induced hyperactivity in fish, whereas MNP tended to induce behavioral depression. Notably, large plastic particles in the F0 generation had a more pronounced impact on depressive behaviors compared to smaller particles. These findings suggest that both individual and combined exposures to TPT and MNP can detrimentally affect marine medaka from the molecular to behavioral levels, posing risks to population sustainability. This study provided a robust theoretical foundation and deeper insights into the ecotoxicological impacts and risk assessments of coexisting pollutants.

01 Dec 2024·Molecular Biology Reports

Synergistic effect of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in combination with topotecan on small cell lung cancer cells

Article

Author: Yanar, Sevinc ; Bal Albayrak, Merve Gulsen ; Eskiler, Gamze Guney ; Kasap, Murat ; Kanli, Aylin ; Ozkan, Asuman Deveci

BACKGROUNDThe topoisomerase I inhibitor topotecan (TPT) is used in the treatment of recurrent small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, the drug has a limited success rate and causes distress to patients due to its side effects, such as hematologic toxicities, including anemia and thrombocytopenia. Due to these pharmacokinetic limitations and undesirable side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, the development of combination therapies has gained popularity in SCLC. Meclofenamic acid (MA), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has demonstrated anticancer effects on various types of cancers through different mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the potential synergistic effects of MA and TPT on the small cell lung cancer cell line DMS114.METHODS AND RESULTSTo assess the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the combined treatment of MA and TPT, trypan blue exclusion assay, Annexin V, acridine orange/propidium iodide staining, western blot, and cell cycle analysis were conducted. The results demonstrated that the combination of MA and TPT elicited synergistic effects by enhancing toxicity in DMS114 cells (P < 0.01) without causing toxicity in healthy epithelial lung cells MRC5. The strongest synergistic effect was observed when the cells were treated with 60 µM MA and 10 nM TPT for 48 h (CI = 0,751; DRI = 10,871).CONCLUSIONThis study, for the first time, furnishes compelling evidence that MA and TPT synergistically reduce cellular proliferation and induce apoptosis in SCLC cells. Combinations of these drugs holds promise as a potential therapeutic strategy to improve efficacy and reduce the side effects associated with TPT.

100 Deals associated with Multiple Sclerosis (VG Life Sciences)

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Multiple Sclerosis	Phase 2	US	VG Life Sciences, Inc.	01 Oct 2014

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