Docosanol

Paraffinic crude oil causes deposition in the pipeline at low temperatures which hinders the flow during pipeline transportation.The primary technique for mitigation of paraffin deposition is chem. treatment.Polymeric chem. additives have gained considerable attention as flow improvers for waxy crude oil. Terpolymer application for flow assurance is a novel approach since terpolymers are seldom used as chem. additives for crude oil.Current research aims to synthesize four acrylate terpolymers with different alkyl pendant chains and study their effect on the rheol. behavior of crude oil.The structure of additives was validated and their depression effect was investigated.The results of the investigation revealed that the additives showed significant decrease in pour point (DPP _1/4 21 C for CO-1 and 15 C for CO-2) at a dose of 1000 ppm for CO-1 and 2000 ppm for CO-2.These results were also supported by rheol. data which exhibited a significant reduction in viscosity (>75%) of both the crude oils which showed the efficiency of additives as flow improvers.Moreover, the cold finger test displayed excellent paraffin inhibition efficiency of synthesized additives (66 and 52% for CO-1 and CO-2, resp.). The investigation demonstrated a promising role of terpolymers as flow improvers for waxy crude oil.

Abstract: In this work, an exptl. investigation is performed in order to assess the pressurized co-pyrolysis of olive pomace (OP) and plastic wastes (high-d. polyethylene-HDPE).Different operating conditions were evaluated to determine the optimal parameters.In particular, pyrolysis tests were realized at various temperatures (350, 400, 450, 500, 550 and 600 °C) and reaction times (30, 45, 60 and 120 min).Results show that the interaction between the biomass and the plastic wastes has a significant effect on the final pressurized pyrolysis products.The OP/HDPE blend (1:1) pyrolysis generated more liquid fuel yield than individual components pyrolyzed sep.This result suggests a synergistic effect between OP and HDPE for the liquid fuel productionThe maximum oil yield obtained from OP pyrolysis and from HDPE pyrolysis was about 19.6%, 80.2% at 400 °C and 500 °C resp.However, this value from the pressurized pyrolysis was assessed to 57.4% at a temperature of 450 °C.The optimal residence time for OP and the mixture OP/HDPE (1:1) was 30 min, while the optimal residence time for HDPE was 45 min.The results of the oils qual. analyses indicate that adding HDPE into the OP pyrolysis led to a decrease in the oxygen-rich components and a significant rise in the hydrocarbons in the co-pyrolytic oils.This enhancement indicates that the inclusion of HDPE resulted in an upsurge in the hydrogen content while simultaneously causing a reduction in the oxygen content within the pressurized pyrolysis oils.This alteration is expected to yield a product with the potential for improved fuel characteristics.Graphical Abstract: