Delving into the Latest Updates on Acepromazine with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

1-[10-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-10H-phenothiazin-2-yl]-ethanone, 10-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazin-3-yl methyl ketone, 10-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine-3-ethylone

+ [5]

Target

DRDs

Mechanism

DRDs antagonists(Dopamine receptors antagonists)

Therapeutic Areas

Nervous System Diseases

Active Indication

Behavioural disorders

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization-

Active Organization-

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

Login to view timeline

Structure

Molecular FormulaC19H22N2OS

InChIKeyNOSIYYJFMPDDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry61-00-7

This study evaluated the influence of gabapentin on sedation, propofol dosage, and physiological variables in cats premedicated with acepromazine and methadone. Thirty-four cats were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg of oral gabapentin (Gabapentin group) or placebo (Control group) 100 min before intramuscular premedication with acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) plus methadone (0.3 mg/kg). Variables recorded included sedation, using the Dynamic Interactive Visual Analog Scale (DIVAS, range 0-100 mm) and a Numeric Descriptive Scale (NDS, range 0-14), heart rate, respiratory rate and Doppler systolic arterial pressure (SAP). All variables were measured before (T0), 100 min after administration of gabapentin or placebo (T1), and 30 min after premedication (T2). Physiological variables were also recorded after anesthetic induction with propofol (T3). At T2, NDS scores were higher in Gabapentin than the Control group [median (interquartile range): 4 (2-5) versus 2 (1-4), p = 0.028], whereas DIVAS scores were not significantly different [Control: 9 (4-13); Gabapentin: 12 (5-32)]. Despite the significant difference between groups in NDS scores, overall sedation scores were mild at T1 and T2 regardless of gabapentin administration. The propofol dosage did not differ between groups. The most concerning adverse effect was arterial hypotension (SAP < 90 mmHg), recorded only at T3 in 71% of cats in the Control group and 100% in the Gabapentin group, without significant difference between groups. Administration of gabapentin before premedication with acepromazine and methadone in healthy cats did not result in a clinically significant influence on sedation levels, physiological variables, or propofol dosage required for anesthesia induction.

01 Nov 2024·VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA

The effect of intravenous magnesium sulphate infusion on total intravenous anesthesia with propofol in adult dogs: A randomized, blinded trial

Article

Author: Comassetto, Felipe ; Victor de Souza, João ; Júnior, Gilberto Serighelli ; Ferreira, William de Souza ; Conterno, Gabriela Borges ; Oleskovicz, Nilson ; de Souza, João Victor ; Griebeler, Leonardo Bergmann ; de Souza Ferreira, William

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate cardiopulmonary, arterial blood gas and propofol-sparing effects of magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) constant rate infusion (CRI) in mechanically ventilated dogs maintained under total intravenous anesthesia with propofol.

STUDY DESIGN:

Blinded, randomized, clinical trial.

ANIMALS:

A total of 24 healthy adult dogs.

METHODS:

Dogs were premedicated with intramuscular acepromazine (0.05 mg kg^-1) and morphine (0.5 mg kg^-1), followed by an intravenous (IV) bolus of saline or MgSO₄ (50 mg kg^-1 over 15 minutes) and propofol (given to effect to induce anesthesia). Anesthesia was maintained with an IV propofol infusion (beginning at 0.3 mg kg^-1 minute^-1, adjusted as necessary). Concurrently, one of three IV infusions were administered: GS (0.9% NaCl), GM30 (MgSO₄, 30 mg kg^-1 hour^-1) or GM80 (MgSO₄, 80 mg kg^-1 hour^-1). Propofol induction and maintenance doses were recorded. The following variables were recorded at baseline (T0), after bolus treatment (T1), after beginning mechanical ventilation (T5) and every 15 minutes until the end of the procedure (T15-T120): mean arterial pressure, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, end-tidal partial pressure of CO₂, temperature, blood gas variables, indirect calorimetry and extubation time. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant.

RESULTS:

Propofol induction bolus dose was lower in GM30 (31.2%, p = 0.04) and GM80 (38.9%, p = 0.003) than in GS. The maintenance propofol infusion rate in GM80 was 16.9% lower (p = 0.03), resulting in fewer propofol CRI rescues during the perioperative period. GM30 and GM80 exhibited faster extubation times than GS (46.2%, p = 0.002 and 48.9%, p = 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:

Infusion of a 50 mg kg^-1 bolus, followed by CRI of MgSO₄ (30 and 80 mg kg^-1 hour^-1), reduces the propofol induction and maintenance (CRI) requirement, maintaining cardiorespiratory stability and reducing the time required to extubation.

01 Nov 2024·AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH

Transpulmonary cardiac output with room temperature saline is accurate and tracks directional changes in anesthetized dogs

Article

Author: Martin-Flores, Manuel ; Cannarozzo, Cheyenne J. ; Araos, Joaquin

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the performance of transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) using room-temperature saline (CORT) and waveform-derived continuous CO (CCO) compared with TPTD using iced saline (COICED) as the indicator for measurements of CO in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs.

METHODS:

8 Beagles aged 1 to 2 years (7.4 to 11.2 kg) were enrolled in this experimental study from March 21 to 31, 2023. Dogs were anesthetized with 0.01 mg/kg acepromazine, 5 to 6 mg/kg propofol, and isoflurane and were mechanically ventilated. Dogs were instrumented with a central venous catheter and a femoral arterial catheter equipped with a thermistor. The COICED, CORT, and pulse wave-derived CCO values were obtained at baseline, during infusions of phenylephrine and norepinephrine, and during blood withdrawal and replacement. Data were analyzed with a mixed effect model, Bland-Altman plots, and concordance. Percent error was calculated. P < .05 was used for significance.

RESULTS:

Data were collected from 8 dogs. Significant effects of time and the interaction of time and method were found. Bland-Altman plots showed negligible bias with limits of agreement between −0.35 and 0.25 L/min for CORT versus COICED and −1.23 and 1.15 L/min for CCO versus COICED. Percent errors were 17.7% and 66.6%, respectively. In the 4-quadrant plots, the concordance rate was 95% and 68% for measurements obtained with CORT and for CCO, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Transpulmonary thermodilution using room temperature saline was accurate and able to track changes in CO. Continuous CO had a large percent error and low tracking ability.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE:

Transpulmonary thermodilution using room temperature saline is reliable for monitoring CO and obviates the need for iced preparations in clinical scenarios.

100 Deals associated with Acepromazine

Login to view more data