Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), featured by broad tunability in molecule design, structure and properties, have been widely used as photocatalysts for water splitting to produce hydrogen. However, the conventional donor-acceptor (D-A) binary CMPs have not achieved satisfactory performance so far. In this contribution, a series of D1-D2-A ternary CMPs are synthesized by the atom-economical direct CH arylation polymerization (DArP), wherein the dibenzo[b,d]thiophene-S,S-dioxide (BTDO), tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) units serve as the acceptor (A), donor D1 and donor D2, respectively. The structure-property correlations of the CMPs are systematically investigated by optical, electrochemical, water contact angle, and hydrogen production performance tests, revealing that the ternary D1-D2-A CMPs can maximize hydrophilicity and charge separation through the synergistic effect of BTDO, EDOT, and TPE building blocks. As a result, the ternary CMP-3 with an optimal D/A ratio achieves the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate up to 81.4 mmol g-1 h-1 without the aid of Pt co-catalyst, which has a 26-fold and 101-fold improvement compared to the pristine D1-A and D1-D2 binary CMPs, respectively. Meanwhile, a high apparent quantum yield of 11.1 % at 500 nm is successfully achieved. Density functional theory calculation discloses that D1-D2-A ternary CMPs possess the desirable molecular geometry and superior charge separation. This work provides a new design and synthetic strategy for the high-performance CMP-based photocatalysts.