Author: Ledlie, Shaleesa ; Smoke, Ashley ; Shearer, Dana ; Leece, Pamela ; Boyd, Rob ; Wu, Fangyun ; Franklyn, Mike ; Kolla, Gillian ; Iacono, Anita ; Bozinoff, Nikki ; Gomes, Tara ; Yang, Joanna

INTRODUCTIONAs the drug toxicity crisis continues to evolve globally, harms related to non-opioid substances, including stimulants, have risen in parallel. Our study aims were to describe trends in accidental stimulant toxicity deaths and to characterize demographic characteristics of decedents and the circumstances surrounding death.METHODSWe conducted a population-based repeated cross-sectional study, of all accidental stimulant toxicity deaths between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021, in Ontario, Canada. We reported monthly rates of stimulant toxicity deaths per 100,000 people residing in Ontario and the circumstances surrounding death. All analyses were stratified by the type of stimulant(s) involved in death.RESULTSBetween 2018 and 2021, we identified 5210 stimulant toxicity deaths with the monthly rate rising from 0.4 to 1.0 per 100,000. Both cocaine and methamphetamine were involved in 16.2 % of deaths, and 56.2 % and 27.7 % involved cocaine or methamphetamine (without other stimulants), respectively. Over 80 % of deaths also involved an opioid. Among all deaths, 75.2 % of decedents were male, 53.1 % were aged 25-44, and over half of all deaths occurred in private residences (64.7 %).CONCLUSIONSThe rate of stimulant toxicity deaths has continued to grow, more than doubling over a three-year period. As stimulant-related deaths continue to rise, comprehensive social supports and mental health services, including harm reduction and treatment programs adapted to the unique needs of people who use stimulants alone or in combination with other substances, are urgently required to meet the changing needs of people who use drugs.

01 Feb 2025·Environmental Pollution

Identification of emerging contaminants in greywater emitted from ships by a comprehensive LC-HRMS target and suspect screening approach

Article

Author: Ytreberg, E ; Petrović, M ; Gros, M ; Mikkolainen, E ; Gago-Ferrero, P ; Hytti, M ; García-Gómez, E ; Gil-Solsona, R

The increase in maritime traffic has led to substantial greywater discharges into the marine environment. Greywater, originating from sinks, showers, kitchen, and laundry facilities, contains a wide array of chemical contaminants influenced by on-board activities, ship size, and management practices. The lack of comprehensive regulations for greywater management, along with limited research on its chemical composition, highlights the need to characterize these waste streams. This study is one of the first to provide a comprehensive characterization of greywater samples from ships using advanced liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution-mass-spectrometry (LC-HRMS) strategies, including wide-scope target and suspect screening. The target analysis detected 86 compounds, such as pharmaceuticals, stimulants, tobacco and food-related products, personal care products, UV filters, surfactants, perfluoroalkyl compounds, plasticizers, and flame retardants, many of which are rarely measured in routine monitoring programs. Furthermore, 11 additional compounds were tentatively identified through suspect screening. A novel scoring system further highlighted 25 priority compounds posing ecological risks to marine ecosystems, including pharmaceuticals such as tapentadol, dextrorphan, citalopram, or irbesartan. This study emphasizes the significant introduction of chemicals at μg L^-1 levels through greywater discharges, underscoring the urgent need for improved management practices to mitigate ecological risks to the marine ecosystem.

01 Feb 2025·Psychiatry Research

Association between stimulant and non-stimulant ADHD medications and completed suicide in adolescents and adults: A population-based nested case-control study

Article

Author: Diallo, Fatoumata Binta ; Massamba, Victoria ; Cortese, Samuele ; Fansi, Alvine ; Gignac, Martin ; Lunghi, Carlotta ; Vasiliadis, Helen-Maria ; Lesage, Alain ; Rahme, Elham ; Rochette, Louis

INTRODUCTIONADHD has been linked to an increased risk of completed suicide. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between ADHD medication use and completed suicide.METHODSThis nested case-control study included individuals aged 12-49 in Quebec, Canada, diagnosed with ADHD and/or dispensed ADHD medication. Suicide cases (n = 472) between 2000 and 2021 were matched with 5 controls each (n = 2360) on date of birth, sex, and continuous public drug insurance coverage for at least 365 days before suicide death (index date). Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association between ADHD medication use and completed suicide. The association between specific ADHD medication types and completed suicide was also assessed.RESULTSAfter controlling for potential confounders, no significant association was found between ADHD medication use and completed suicide in the overall sample, in individuals aged 12-24 and 25 to 49 years, and those with a prior ADHD physician diagnosis. No significant differences were found when comparing the use of non-stimulants only (aOR 1.27; 95 % CI: 0.62, 2.63), stimulants and non-stimulants (aOR 1.01; 95 % CI: 0.33, 3.08), and ADHD consultation without medication (aOR 0.94; 95 % CI: 0.69, 1.28) against stimulant-only use.CONCLUSIONBoth stimulants and non-stimulants were not associated with the risk of completed suicide. These findings can inform clinical decision-making.

100 Deals associated with Apoptosis stimulants(Sigma-tau)

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Neoplasms	Preclinical	IT	Sigma-Tau BV	24 Jun 2005

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