Cyano-functionalized porous hyper-crosslinked cationic polymers for efficient preconcentration and detection of phenolic endocrine disruptors in fresh water and fish

Article

Author: Zhao, Guijiao ; Wang, Chenhuan ; Wang, Qianqian ; Wang, Chun ; Wu, Qiuhua ; Wang, Zhi

Sensitively analyzing phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in environmental substrates and aquatic organisms provides a significant challenge. Here, we developed a novel porous hyper-crosslinked ionic polymer bearing cyano groups (CN-HIP) as adsorbent for the highly efficient solid phase extraction (SPE) of phenolic EDCs in water and fish. The CN-HIP gave an excellent adsorption capability for targeted EDCs over a wide pH range, and the adsorption capacity was superior to that of several common commercial SPE adsorbents. The coexistence of electrostatic forces, hydrogen bond, and π-π interactions was confirmed as the main adsorption mechanism. A sensitive quantitative method was established by coupling CN-HIP based SPE method with high-performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneously determining trace bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol B and 4-tert-butylphenol in fresh water and fish. The method afforded lower detection limits (S/N = 3) (at 0.03-0.10 ng mL^-1 for water and 0.8-4.0 ng g^-1 for fish), high accuracy (the recovery of spiked sample at 88.0%-112 %) and high precision (the relative standard deviation < 8.5 %). This work provides a feasible method for detecting phenolic EDCs, and also opens a new perspective in developing functionalized cationic adsorbent.

01 Jan 2025·Food Chemistry

Absorption and transport mechanism of colloidal nanoparticles (CNPs) in lamb soup based on Caco-2 cell

Article

Author: Fu, Jianing ; Xu, Meizhen ; Liu, Ling ; Li, Shaobo ; Chen, Li ; Zhang, Dequan

Soup is an important presence in diet, but its absorption and transport mechanism by the human body remains unclear. In this study, Caco-2 intact cell and monolayer cell models were constructed to simulate small intestine absorption on colloidal nanoparticles (CNPs) isolated from lamb soup. The intracellular localization of CNPs was viewed by laser confocal microscopy (LSCM). CNPs uptake and release pathways were explored by differences in CNPs concentrations in 5 endocytosis inhibitor models and 4 exocytosis inhibitor models. Results indicated that CNPs endocytosis by Caco-2 cells was restrained by Nystatin and Cytochalasin D, with exocytosis being inhibited by Nocodazole and Monensin. Therefore, the major absorption pathways for CNPs were caveolin-dependent endocytosis, macropinocytosis and phagocytosis. The major transport pathways were microtubule-vesicle-mediated protein transport to the membrane and transportation between the Golgi apparatus and membrane. This study may provide theoretical support for the transport mechanism of soup products in the small intestine.

01 Dec 2024·Science of The Total Environment

Innovative approaches to electrochemical oxidation of Bisphenol B in synthetic and complex water environments

Article

Author: Dos Santos, Alexsandro J ; Del Rosario Salas-Sandoval, Elizabeth ; Garcia-Segura, Sergi ; Pérez-Segura, Tzayam

The substitution of Bisphenol A (BPA) with Bisphenol B (BPB) has raised concerns due to BPB's increased environmental presence and its potential hazards. Despite the frequent detection in water environments, effective removal methods for BPB are still limited. This study hypothesizes that electrochemical oxidation (EO) can effectively degrade BPB and its by-products. To test this, EO was applied under various conditions, analyzing the role of anode material, current density, pH, and BPB concentration. The results revealed that BPB degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode showing a rate constant 27 times higher than iridium oxide electrodes. After 180 min, BDD achieved 81.8 % mineralization of BPB. The remaining organic load was associated to easily biodegradable short-chain carboxylic acids. Additionally, the EO process was evaluated in different matrices, including drinking water, tap water, simulated municipal wastewater, and synthetic urine, to assess the impact of matrix complexity. Electrogenerated oxidants, such as hydroxyl radicals, sulfate radicals, and active chlorine, significantly enhanced BPB degradation rates in real water matrices. Energy consumption varied from 5.32 kWh m^-3 in drinking water to 2.28 kWh m^-3 in synthetic urine, demonstrating the role of matrix composition in EO efficiency. These findings show that EO is a promising technology for removing BPB and similar chemicals in real-world water matrices.

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