Vidarabine

A novel polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB)-based adsorbent, i.e., magnetic pore-rich skeleton material with octyl (C8) brushes (Mag-C8-PRSM) has been synthesized using cyclohexanol as a dispersant, enabling the controllable transformation of non-porous microspheres into a porous carbon. The Mag-C8-PRSM are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This material could effectively extract 16 antiviral drugs (both highly polar and non-polar) from poultry muscle samples via the reverse-phase interactions facilitated by the benzene rings on the polymer backbone and the C8 brushes. By using NP-Mag-C8-PRSM as a sorbent, a simple and efficient pass-through cleanup procedure was developed to selectively adsorb proteins, fats, and phospholipids, allowing simultaneous purification of the 16 antiviral drugs from poultry muscle samples. This Mag-C8-PRSM pass-through cleanup procedure demonstrated high recovery rates between 81.6 and 106 %. Furthermore, a liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was validated for the determination of these 16 antiviral drugs in poultry muscle samples at sub-ppt levels with limits of quantification (LOQs) ranging from 0.13 to 1.83 µg/kg. The analytical method was successfully applied to real poultry muscle samples from Zhejiang Province, China, indicating that the occurrence of antiviral drug residues in poultry muscle samples and on the Chinese market is low. This study confirmed the high effectiveness of Mag-C8-PRSM in the pass-through cleanup procedure for antiviral drug residues analyses.

'Ming guan'(MG), an elite albino cultivar deriving from the progeny of the traditional albino cultivar 'Bai jiguan', is a promising candidate for white tea production due to its favorable amino acid to phenol ratio. In this study, a comprehensive metabolomics analysis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were conducted to reveal the dynamic changes of non-volatile and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) throughout the withering processing of MG white tea. Meanwhile, multivariate statistical analyses were applied to screen for the characteristic components in the flavor and aroma of MG white tea. A total of 625 non-volatile metabolites and 118 VOCs were determined, of which 90 non-volatile metabolites (VIP ≥ 1, FC ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5) were identified as key flavor components significantly changed throughout the withering process. The relative odor activity value (ROAV) analysis highlighted 22 VOCs (ROAV ≥ 1) with substantial effect on aroma formation, of which geraniol, (E)-2-hexenal, 4-methoxy-benzaldehyde and guaiacol emerging as the most key aroma constituents of MG white tea, endowing MG white tea with fruity and floral odor notes. This study offered a comprehensive investigation into metabolite changes in MG white tea, contributing valuable insights for the innovation of new white tea products utilizing albino tea plant mutants.