SiLi-D1

A new oil from transgenic Camelina sativa was evaluated for its potential to serve as a primary source for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and astaxanthin in feed for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).Exptl. diets were formulated containing either the transgene-derived oil (CAM) or a blend of fish and vegetable oils (CTL).The two diets were given to quadruplicate tanks of 30 fish (body weight 294 ± 32 g) for 10 wk.Some of the fish were exercised in a swim tunnel prior to sampling.At sampling, muscle tissue was collected for fillet quality assessment and plasma to measure oxidative stress markers.Dietary treatment had no significant impact on final body weightThe fatty acid profile of rainbow trout fillets reflected that of the exptl. diets with higher levels of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA in fish fed CAM.Levels of corresponding lipid inflammatory mediators, except for those derived from DHA, were pre-exercise elevated in plasma of fish fed CAM.Similarly, dietary ketocarotenoid levels were reflected in the fillet of fish with lower astaxanthin in fish fed CAM compared to CTL, which agreed with differences in fillet color.Dietary treatment had no significant impact on swimming performance.Plasma cortisol and 8-isoprostane were elevated post-exercise, irresp. of dietary treatment.Feeding the transgene-derived oil supported normal growth and increased fillet EPA and DHA levels above standardA comparable swimming capacity and stress response suggests that the inclusion of the transgenic camelina oil did not impair fish welfare.

Oxylipins are bioactive lipid mediators derived from fatty acids; however, a comprehensive investigation of oxylipin profiles is absent in bivalves. Moreover, the physiological functions and bioactivities of PUFA-derived oxylipins warrant further exploration. In this study, we found that appropriate dietary linoleic acid (LA)/n-3 PUFAs enhanced the growth of the clam Sinonovacula constricta and improved its survival under hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) stress. Targeted lipidomic showed that the high-LA diet increased accumulation of LA and LA-derived oxylipins. Interestingly, a similar pattern was observed for α-linolenic acid (ALA) and ALA-derived oxylipins, potentially contributing to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of this dietary pattern. However, dietary n-3 PUFAs provided greater protection against H₂O₂-induced damage. Dietary n-3 PUFAs significantly increased the levels of oxylipins derived from docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, particularly 14(S)-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (14(S)-HDHA) and 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE). Furthermore, 14(S)-HDHA and 12-HEPE restored cell viability in hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Mechanistically, 12-HEPE inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation while promoting nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thereby reducing inflammatory responses and enhancing antioxidant capacity. Additionally, 12-HEPE increased antioxidant activity and suppressed inflammatory gene expression in clam hemolymph cells. This study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of the oxylipin profile in bivalves, further emphasizing the importance of dietary n-3 PUFAs intake in shaping n-3 PUFA-derived oxylipins and consequently influencing inflammation and redox status. Additionally, our study revealed that 12-HEPE alleviates cell damage induced by H₂O₂, with NF-κB and Nrf2 being key pathways.