Convertiable CAR-T cell therapies(Xyphos Biosciences, Inc.)

Some patients have experienced incredible recoveries after CAR-T-cell therapy. But they've also endured incredibly strong and scary side effects, in part because of the lymphodepleting chemotherapy that is performed before the CAR-T-cells are reinfused. What if CAR-T-cell therapy could be performed without lymphodepleting chemotherapy? When Richard O'Neil, Ph.D., joined MUSC Hollings Cancer Center two years ago, he knew that he wanted to continue finding ways to make CAR-T-cell therapy easier on patients. What he didn't expect was that a side project -- worked on by Megan Tennant, a graduate student in his lab, as a way to keep busy while a key piece of equipment was being serviced -- would potentially open up this treatment beyond the world of cancer. "I don't think that either of us expected that first initial experiment to work," Tennant said. "But when we saw how well it worked and really started to conceptualize where this could go and how important this could be, it was exciting." O'Neil said they've begun conversations with biotechnology companies about how to push forward their findings. "Right now, we're trying to out-license the technology," O'Neil added. "The most interest, actually, has come in the context of lupus." CAR-T-cell therapy is currently used to treat some types of blood cancers that have returned after treatment or that haven't responded to chemotherapy. It is both expensive and extensive -- some of a patient's T-cells are removed and sent to a lab where, in a process that can take several weeks, they're engineered to add chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) that are tuned to home in on specific proteins on the surface of cancer cells. The newly formed CAR-T-cells are then reinfused into the patient to attack the cancer. Some patients have experienced incredible recoveries after CAR-T-cell therapy. But they've also endured incredibly strong and scary side effects, in part because of the lymphodepleting chemotherapy that is performed before the CAR-T-cells are reinfused. Lymphodepleting chemotherapy kills off existing T-cells to create a blank slate for the CAR-T-cells, and research has shown that the therapy is more effective after lymphodepleting chemotherapy. But O'Neil and Tennant, along with colleagues Christina New, M.D., and Leonardo Ferreira, Ph.D., believe that lymphodepleting chemotherapy isn't necessary. In a paper published in Molecular Therapy, they showed that encoding the CAR-T-cells with instructions to create a hyperactive form of protein STAT5 prompted the CAR-T-cells to engraft, or take root and begin multiplying, without requiring lymphodepletion. In their experiments, the engraftment process was cell autonomous, meaning it didn't depend on the surrounding environment but happened solely because of the instructions from within the cells. "We present a lot of evidence in the paper to support that notion that it's a completely cell autonomous process, and that it's fundamentally driven by activation of STAT5," O'Neil said. "And so by transiently activating STAT5 during that phase of adoptive transfer, the initial engraftment phase, you're tricking the cells into essentially thinking they're going into a lymphodepleted environment. "And so they engraft and become very functional, and they do everything they're supposed to do," he continued. "Once we saw that they'd engraft, we just benchmarked how they functioned with as many different benchmarking assays as we could, comparing it to conventional adoptive transfer using lymphodepletion as our benchmark." O'Neil said they came to STAT5 because of its role in the cytokine signaling pathway. It's been known for some time that the interleukin cytokines IL2, IL7 and IL15 are instrumental to the engraftment process. Some have suggested injecting patients with IL2 or IL15 in place of lymphodepleting chemotherapy, he said. But each of those cytokine pathways requires STAT5. "We reasoned that we could recapitulate that entire signaling process at the node of STAT5, rather than trying to tickle it up at IL 15, or IL2 receptors. And by doing that, we also have more of a cell autonomous effect where we don't have to expose the patient to a bunch of IL7, IL15 and IL2, which can be dangerous," O'Neil said. The team used messenger RNA transfection to implant the instructions within the CAR-T-cells for activating STAT5. In preclinical models, they found that their method reduced cytokine release syndrome, sometimes called cytokine storm, one of the most serious side effects. The CAR-T-cells carrying super STAT5 also got the cancer under control and appeared to create memory cells trained on that cancer. O'Neil said that eliminating the need for lymphodepleting chemotherapy could mean that CAR-T-cell therapy would become viable for more types of diseases. The balance of harms and benefits of lymphodepleting chemotherapy is different for someone facing a recurrent lymphoma that no longer responds to chemotherapy than for someone with a chronic condition like lupus. "You might be able to treat some of these more serious lupus cases," O'Neil explained. "Doctors would never want to lymphodeplete somebody with lupus with the combined chemotherapies fludarabine and cyclophosphamide, but if we don't have to lymphodeplete them anymore, then you can imagine trying out this therapy with them." Eliminating lymphodepletion could also change dosing schedules. "Now you can imagine re-administrating dose after dose to the patient instead of 'one and done.' If you don't have to lymphodeplete them, you might be able to just give them an injection every month," he said. O'Neil is working with the MUSC lupus erythematosus research group on potentially developing clinical trials. He's also talking to biotechnology companies that work in the CAR-T-cell realm and have the ability to launch new clinical trials. He praised Tennant, in her last year of graduate school, for her diligence in pursuing the project. "This has been Megan's labor of love," he said. "It's actually been pretty remarkable. She just joined my lab when I came here two years ago, so this entire project came from conception to fruition in two years, which is pretty amazing and definitely shows what a talented and hard-working scientist Megan is."

LOS ANGELES, Sept. 07, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) --Immix Biopharma, Inc. (Nasdaq: IMMX) (“ImmixBio”, “Company”, “We” or “Us”) a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company pioneering personalized therapies for oncology and immunology, today announced that Nexcella NXC-201 clinical data will be presented by Ilya Rachman, MD, PhD, and Gabriel Morris at the Healthcare Trailblazers Private Company Conference Thursday, October 26, 2023. At this institutional event, Ilya Rachman and Gabriel Morris will plan on being available to meet institutional investors and potential strategic pharmaceutical partners. “We are delighted to present the clinical progress we are making with our CAR-T, NXC-201, at this premier healthcare conference,” said Ilya Rachman MD PhD, Chief Executive Officer of Immix Biopharma. Gabriel Morris, Chief Financial Officer of Immix Biopharma, added, “We believe the addressable market of CAR-Ts today is limited by neurotoxicity, which restricts dosing to only 5% of U.S. hospitals. We are looking forward to addressing this neurotoxicity challenge, potentially allowing a far wider adoption of CAR-T therapy, as we work to advance the market’s first potentially outpatient CAR-T, NXC-201.” About Immix Biopharma, Inc. Immix Biopharma, Inc. (ImmixBio) (Nasdaq: IMMX) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company pioneering personalized therapies for oncology and immunology including CAR-T cell therapies and Tissue Specific Therapeutics (TSTx). Our lead CAR-T cell therapy asset, NXC-201, is being developed for relapsed/refractory AL Amyloidosis and relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Initial response rates of 92% and 100% have been observed from the Phase 1b/2a NEXICART-1 (NCT04720313) study in patients with multiple myeloma and AL amyloidosis (February 9, 2023). NXC-201 is being developed by ImmixBio’s subsidiary Nexcella, Inc and has the potential to be the world’s first out-patient CAR-T. Our lead Tissue Specific Therapeutic (TSTx) asset, IMX-110, is in Phase 1b/2a clinical trials as a monotherapy and in the IMMINENT-01 combination clinical trial with BeiGene’s anti-PD-1 antibody tislelizumab (NCT05840835). IMX-110 has been awarded Orphan Drug Designation (ODD) and Rare Pediatric Disease Designation (RPDD) by the FDA. Learn more at . About Nexcella, Inc. Nexcella, Inc., a subsidiary of Immix Biopharma, Inc. (NASDAQ:IMMX), is a Los Angeles, California based clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company engaged in the discovery and development of novel cell therapies for oncology and other indications. Our lead candidate, next generation BCMA-targeted CAR-T NXC-201 for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and relapsed/refractory AL amyloidosis, has produced 92% and 100% response rates in each indication, respectively, as of February 9, 2023, across 58 patients. We believe NXC-201 has potential to be the world’s first outpatient CAR-T. Our N-GENIUS platform allows us to discover, develop, and manufacture cutting-edge cell therapies for patients in need. To learn more about Nexcella, Inc. visit us at Forward Looking Statements This press release contains “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements reflect our current view about future events. When used in this press release, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions, as they relate to us or our management, identify forward-looking statements. 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Contacts Mike Moyer LifeSci Advisors mmoyer@lifesciadvisors.com Company Contact irteam@immixbio.com