Rhodobacter sphaeroides reduces Pb accumulation by reshaping the intestinal microenvironment and improving liver oxidant resistance in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Article

Author: Guo, Lin ; Su, Yanqiu ; Chen, Yanger ; Ma, Jiayi ; Gong, Jiayi ; Yuan, Shu ; Zhou, Qian ; Pu, Yi ; Deng, Hongmei ; Liu, Lisha

In recent years, the application of probiotics to reduce lead (Pb) toxicity in organisms has gained attention. Our previous studies showed that Rhodobacter sphaeroides SC01 exhibits high Pb tolerance and efficient Pb removal from aqueous solution. In this study, the capacity and mechanisms in alleviating Pb toxicity was investigated using strain SC01 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Results showed strain SC01 successfully colonized the intestine of common carp under Pb exposure, thereby enhancing the abundance of Rhodobacter, heavy-metal-tolerant, and denitrifying bacteria, which ameliorated intestinal microenvironment and enhanced gut microbiota diversity. Strain SC01 supplementation promoted the increase in beneficial metabolites, enhanced the anti-stress capability, and facilitated damage repair in intestine. The Pb-induced alterations of gene expression in the tight junction proteins (Claudin-3c) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) were obviously reversed by strain SC01. Dietary administration of strain SC01 offered direct protection against Pb-induced oxidative stress in liver, and had several beneficial effects on hematological responses and growth performance of carp. Pb accumulation in intestinal contents, intestine, liver, kidney, and blood were markedly decreased compared to the Pb group. Therefore, R. sphaeroides SC01 may be a novel dietary supplement that enhances fish growth performance and mitigates Pb-induced toxicity in aquaculture.

01 Dec 2024·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology

Therapeutic potential of hydantoin and thiohydantoin compounds against Schistosoma mansoni: An integrated in vitro, DNA, ultrastructural, and ADMET in silico approach

Article

Author: Mendonça Silveira, Maria Eduardade ; Souza Bezerra, Rafael de ; Silva, Anekécia Lauro da ; Alves, Luiz Carlos ; Freitas Viana Leal, Mayse Manuele ; Marques, Diego Santa Clara ; Siqueira de Souza, Yandra Flaviana ; Santos, Fábio Ab ; Cruz Filho, Iranildo José da ; do Carmo Alves de Lima, Maria ; de Lima Aires, André ; Almeida Júnior, Antônio Sérgio de

The study aimed to conduct in vitro biological assessments of hydantoin and thiohydantoin compounds against mature Schistosoma mansoni worms, evaluate their cytotoxic effects and predict their pharmacokinetic parameters using computational methods. The compounds showed low in vitro cytotoxicity and were not considered hemolytic. Antiparasitic activity against adult S. mansoni worms was tested with all compounds at concentrations ranging from 200 to 6.25 μM. Compounds SC01, SC02, and SC03 exhibited low activity. Compounds SC04, SC05, SC06 and SC07 caused 100 % mortality within 24 h of incubation at a concentration of 100 and 200 μM. Thiohydantoin SC04 exhibited the highest activity, resulting in 100 % mortality after 24 h of incubation at a concentration of 50 μM and IC₅₀ of 28 µM. In the ultrastructural analysis (SEM), the compound SC04 (200 µM) induced integumentary changes, formation of integumentary blisters, and destruction of tubercles and spicules. Therefore, the SC04 compound shows promise as an antiparasitic against S. mansoni.

13 Dec 2023·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Characterization of Mannoprotein Structural Diversity in Wine Yeast Species

Article

Author: Mekoue Nguela, Julie ; Marangon, Matteo ; Snyman, Carla ; Sieczkowski, Nathalie ; Divol, Benoit

The structure of yeast cell wall (CW) mannoproteins (MPs) influences their impact on wine properties. Yeast species produce a diverse range of MPs, but the link between properties and specific structural features has been ill-characterized. This study compared the protein and polysaccharide moieties of MP-rich preparations from four strains of four different enologically relevant yeast species, named Saccharomyces boulardii (SB62), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC01), Metschnikowia fructicola (MF77), and Torulaspora delbrueckii (TD70), and a commercial MP preparation. Monosaccharide determination revealed that SB62 MPs contained the highest mannose/glucose ratio followed by SC01, while polysaccharide size distribution analyses showed maximum molecular weights ranging from 1349 kDa for MF77 to 483 kDa for TD70. Protein identification analysis led to the identification of unique CW proteins in SB62, SC01, and TD70, as well as some proteins shared between different strains. This study reveals MP composition diversity within wine yeasts and paves the way toward their industrial exploitation.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Breast Cancer	Phase 1	-	SeeCure Taiwan Co. Ltd.	-

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