Author: Gómez-Gaete, Carolina ; Pedroso-Santana, Seidy ; Altamirano, Claudia ; Lamazares Arcia, Emilio ; Ruiz, Alvaro ; Mansilla, Rodrigo ; Toledo Alonso, Jorge R ; Fleitas-Salazar, Noralvis ; Fernandez, Katherina ; Gancino Guevara, Marlon

Polymeric nanoparticulate systems allow the encapsulation of bio-active substances, giving them protection against external agents and increasing the drug's bioavailability. The use of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers usually guarantees the harmless character of the formulation, and a controlled drug release is also assured. A relatively easy procedure to obtain polymeric formulations of bioactive agents is ionotropic gelation, which allows the synthesis of chitosan (CS) - sodium tri-polyphosphate nanoparticles (NPs) loading encapsulated proteins. In this work, Bovine serum albumin (BSA) model protein and a recombinant porcine alpha interferon variant were used to obtain nanoparticulate formulations. The internalization of the encapsulated material by cells was studied using a BSA-fluorescein system; the fluorescent conjugate was observable inside the cells after 20 h of incubation. The therapeutic CS-alpha interferon formulation showed a maximum of protein released in vitro at around 90 h. This system was found to be safe in a cytotoxicity assay, while biological activity experiments in vitro showed antiviral protection of cells in the presence of encapsulated porcine alpha interferon. In vivo experiments in pigs revealed a significant and sustained antiviral response through overexpression of the antiviral markers OAS2 and PKR. This proves the preservation of porcine alpha interferon biological activity, and also that a lasting response was obtained. This procedure is an effective and safe method to formulate drugs in nanoparticulate systems, representing a significant contribution to the search for more effective drug delivery strategies.

01 Nov 2020·Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology

Symmetric chest pressure ulcers, consequence of prone position ventilation in a patient with COVID‐19

Letter

Author: Mosquera Fajardo, I. ; Martínez Campayo, N. ; Bugallo Sanz, J.I.

A review.Sym. chest pressure ulcers, consequence of prone position ventilation in a patient with COVID-19.We report a 78-yr-old male patient, hospitalized for COVID-19 bilateral pneumonia at our hospital.After initial treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, ceftriaxone and azithromycin, respiratory worsening to acute respiratory distress syndrome happened and the patient was transferred to intensive care unit.Ventilation was applied in prone position for thirteen sessions of twenty hours each and treatment with tocilizumab and alpha interferon was added.Sym. chest pressure ulcers developed in three days since mech. ventilation in prone position began.Ulcers were treated with serial sharp debridement on the bed of patient, followed by chem. debridement and hydrocolloid dressing with great response.Two weeks after skin lesions' improvement, patient clin. condition worsened due to bacterial coinfection, so that, ventilation in prone position was needed again and ulcers returned.At the time of this submission, patient is still hospitalized.A thin silicone foam dressing can represent a valid precaution approach.The position of patients placed in prone position should be changed every 2 h and sides should be switched.The patients in this manuscript have given written informed consent to the publication of their case details.All authors have contributed, read and approved the paper.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Infectious Diseases	Preclinical	DE	XL-protein GmbH	-
Inflammation	Preclinical	DE	XL-protein GmbH	-

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