2′,4′-Dimethoxychalcone

We have classified antibiotics and heavy metals as two major classes of contaminants and developed a casein protein and thymine-derived carbon dot-based sensor (CasT@CDs) that can monitor the presence of the substances in the aqueous medium. Our synthetic protocol has achieved a 36% quantum yield. CasT@CDs were characterized by FETEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, and EDS. The nanosensor has exhibited excellent fluorescence quenching in the presence of tetracycline derivatives-tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (ClTC), and doxycycline (DTC)-as well as mercury ions (Hg⁺²). The detection limits for the tetracycline derivatives were 10-13 nM. At the same time, for Hg⁺², the nanosensor exhibited the highest selectivity with a detection limit of 5.3 nM (1.7 ppb), below the permissible limit in water set by the US EPA (2 ppb). The linear range of detection for TC, DTC, and ClTC is 39 nM-45 µM, and for Hg⁺² is 19.6 nM to 1.8 µM. For both classes of analytes, the nanosensor demonstrated a remarkable response time of less than 10 s and exhibited high selectivity even in the presence of co-existing interfering species. The quenching mechanism was thoroughly investigated and confirmed through time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and various spectroscopic analyses. The practical applicability of the sensor was validated using real sample analysis through fluorescence and paper strip-based detection experiments under an UV lamp. Overall, the synthesized nanodots show significant potential for contributing to environmental and ecosystem safety.

To explore the clinical efficacy and security analysis of DEB-TACE combined with carrelizumab in the therapy of advanced liver cancer. This study was prospectively designed. Using a random number table method, 96 patients with advanced liver cancer hospitalized from August 2022 to August 2023 were divided into the DT group (DEB-TACE treatment, n = 48) and the DT-C group (on the basis of the DT group, receiving carrelizumab infusion via hepatic artery, n = 48). The changes of therapeutic effect, serum tumor markers, T lymphocyte subsets, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and the adverse effect were observed. The ORR and DCR of the DT-C group were higher than that of the DT group (P < 0.05). After 1 month of treatment, CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ were increased and the DT-C group was higher than the DT group (P < 0.001). The CD8+ decreased after 1 month of treatment, and the CD8+ in the DT-C group was significantly lower than that in the DT group (P < 0.001). AFP and PIVKA-II decreased after 1 month of treatment, and the DT-C group was lower than the DT group (P < 0.001). The overall survival (OS) (2-year survival rate 33.33%) and progression-free survival (PFS) (2-year survival rate 18.75%) of the DT-C group were higher than those of the DT group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the adverse reaction incidence (P > 0.05). DEB-TACE combined with trans arterial infusion of carrelizumab is safe and effective in the treatment of advanced liver cancer. Compared with DEB-TACE alone, this combination therapy results in higher CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels, as well as reduced CD8+, AFP, and PIVKA-II levels.