Allelopathic studies with furanocoumarins isolated from Ducrosia anethifolia. In vitro and in silico investigations to protect legumes, rice and grain crops

Article

Author: Schwaiger, Stefan ; Csupor, Dezső ; Kiss, Tivadar ; Varela, Rosa M ; Mottaghipisheh, Javad ; Rodríguez-Mejías, Francisco J ; Macías, Francisco A

Six different furanocoumarins were isolated from the aerial parts of Ducrosia anethifolia and tested in vitro for plant cell elongation in etiolated wheat coleoptile. They were also tested for their ability to control three different weeds: ribwort plantain, annual ryegrass, and common purslane. These compounds exhibited strong inhibition of plant cell elongation. In the case of (+)-heraclenin, the IC₅₀ was lower than 20 μM, indicating a better inhibition than the positive control Logran®. Computational experiments for docking and molecular dynamics revealed for the investigated furanocoumarins bearing an epoxide moiety an improved fitting and stronger interaction with the auxin-like TIR1 ubiquitin ligase. Furthermore, the formed inhibition complex remained also stable during dynamic evaluation. Bidental interaction at the active site, along with an extended hydrogen-bond lifetime, explained the enhanced activity of the epoxides. The in vitro weed bioassay results showed that Plantago lanceolata was the most affected weed for germination, root, and shoot development. In addition, (+)-heraclenin displayed better inhibition values than positive control even at 300 μM concentration.

24 Feb 2021·ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesQ2 · MATERIALS SCIENCE

One-Step Encapsulation of ortho-Disulfides in Functionalized Zinc MOF. Enabling Metal–Organic Frameworks in Agriculture

Q2 · MATERIALS SCIENCE

Article

Author: Mejías, Francisco J. R. ; Calvino, José J. ; Trasobares, Susana ; Varela, Rosa M. ; Macías, Francisco A. ; Molinillo, José M. G.

Application of natural products as new green agrochemicals with low average lifetime, low concentration doses, and safety is both complex and expensive due to chemical modification required to obtain desirable physicochemical properties. Transport, aqueous solubility, and bioavailability are some of the properties that have been improved using functionalized metal-organic frameworks based on zinc for the encapsulation of bioherbicides (ortho-disulfides). An in situ method has been applied to achieve encapsulation, which, in turn, led to an improvement in water solubility by more than 8 times after 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin HP-β-CD surface functionalization. High-resolution high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR HAADF-STEM) and integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC) imaging techniques were employed to verify the success of the encapsulation procedure and crystallinity of the sample. Inhibition studies on principal weeds that infect rice, corn, and potato crops gave results that exceed those obtained with the commercial herbicide Logran. This finding, along with a short synthesis period, i.e., 2 h at 25 °C, make the product an example of a new generation of natural-product-based herbicides with direct applications in agriculture.

29 Apr 2020·Journal of Agricultural and Food ChemistryQ1 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Evaluation of the Phytotoxicity of Urochloa humidicola Roots by Bioassays and Microscopic Analysis. Characterization of New Compounds

Q1 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Article

Author: Lima, Helena R. P. ; Feitoza, Rodrigo B. B. ; Molinillo, José M. G. ; Moraes, Luiz F. D. ; Macías, Francisco A. ; Torres, Ascensión ; Varela, Rosa M. ; Da Cunha, Maura

Herbicides are a key element in agriculture but they do cause environmental problems and natural alternatives are being sought. In this context, invasive plants could provide an as yet unexplored source for the development of future herbicides. Urochloa humidicola has great invasive potential in Brazilian environments as it hampers the establishment of other plants. The phytotoxicity of U. humidicola root extracts has been evaluated, and the major components have been identified. The phytotoxicity of the extract was assessed in the wheat coleoptile assay on seeds of troublesome weeds and on Anadenanthera colubrina, a tree species used in ecological restoration programs. The ethyl acetate extract showed the highest activity, and the most affected weeds were E. crus-galli, M. maximus, and A. viridis with the latter weed more affected by the extract than by the herbicide Logran. Microscopic ultrastructural analysis of A. colubrina roots indicated possible signals of cell death. Seven compounds were identified in the ethyl acetate extract of which one diterpene and four saponins are new. Six of these compounds were tested in the wheat coleoptile bioassay. The most active were diterpene 1 and saponins 2, 3, and 6. The phytotoxic activity of U. humidicola explains the issues observed in ecological restoration with A. colubrina in the presence of Urochloa species, and its effect on weeds reinforces its potential use in agriculture.

100 Deals associated with Imitrodast sodium

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Arterial thrombosis	NDA/BLA	Japan	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	-
Asthma	NDA/BLA	Japan	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	-
Coronary Vasospasm	NDA/BLA	Japan	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	-

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