Delving into the Latest Updates on Rituximab biosimilar(Aprogen, Inc.) with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Biosimilar, Monoclonal antibody

Synonyms

Target

Mechanism

CD20 inhibitors(B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 inhibitors), ADCC(Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) effects), CD20-directed cytolytic effects

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Therapeutic Areas

NeoplasmsImmune System DiseasesHemic and Lymphatic Diseases

Active Indication

Lymphoma

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Aprogen, Inc.

Active Organization

Aprogen, Inc.

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseNDA/BLA

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Gene Sequence

Sequence Code 83181H

The sequence is quoted from: *****

Sequence Code 27145L

The sequence is quoted from: *****

Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes several endopeptidases, including elastase, alkaline proteinase (Apr), a lysine-specific endopeptidase (LysC), and an aminopeptidase (PaAP), all of which are important virulence factors. Activation of the endopeptidases requires removal of an inhibitory N-terminal propeptide. Activation of pro-PaAP, in contrast, requires C-terminal processing. The activating proteases of pro-PaAP and their cleavage site(s) have not yet been defined. Studying pro-PaAP processing in a wild type P. aeruginosa strain and strains lacking either elastase or both elastase and Apr, we detected three processing variants, each ~56 kDa in size (AP56). Activity assays and N- and C-terminal sequence analyses of these variants pointed at LysC as the principal activating protease, cleaving a Lys512-Ala513 peptide bond at the C-terminal end of pro-PaAP. Elastase and/or Apr are required for activation of LysC, suggesting both are indirectly involved in activation of PaAP. To shed light on the function(s) of the N-terminal domain of AP56, we purified recombinant AP56 and generated from it the 28 kDa catalytic domain (AP28). The kinetic constants (Km and Kcat) for hydrolysis of Leu-, Lys-, Arg- and Met-p-nitroanilide (pNA) derivatives by AP56 and AP28 were then determined. The catalytic coefficients (Kcat/Km) for hydrolysis of all four substrates by AP28 and AP56 were comparable, indicating that the non-catalytic domain is not involved in hydrolysis of small substrates. It may, however, regulate hydrolysis of natural peptides/proteins. Lys-pNA was hydrolyzed 2 to 3-fold more rapidly than Leu-pNA and ~8-fold faster than Arg- or Met-pNA, indicating that Lys-pNA was the preferred substrate.

100 Deals associated with Rituximab biosimilar(Aprogen, Inc.)

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