The study aimed to evaluate superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) as nanofertilizers to enrich Allium cepa vegetable productivity. The nanofertilizer was synthesized using iron salts and a weak base. Characterization via powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and magnetometry confirmed Fe₃O₄-based nanomaterial formation. Germination assays were conducted in Petri dishes, each containing 50 seeds, with four groups tested: deionized water (G1), Fe²⁺ solution (G2), Fe³⁺ solution (G3), and SPION suspension (G4). Germination rates were 70 % for G1, 62 % for G4, 58 % for G2, and 44 % for G3. Root growth analysis demonstrated superior development in G4, indicating stimulation. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) determined higher Fe absorption in Allium cepa enriched with nanoparticles compared to non-enriched vegetables. Thus, it is concluded that the nanoparticle exhibits promising effects as nanofertilizer.

01 Dec 2024·Biomaterials

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of biohybrid tissue-engineered vascular grafts with transformative 1H/19F MRI traceable scaffolds

Article

Author: Sugimura, Yukiharu ; Baier, Jasmin ; Rama, Elena ; Suzuki, Tomoyuki ; Jankowski, Joachim ; Apel, Christian ; Schulz, Volkmar ; Siebert, Stefan ; Jockenhoevel, Stefan ; Barmin, Roman ; Hermann, Juliane ; Rix, Anne ; Akhyari, Payam ; Tolba, René H ; Koletnik, Susanne ; Kiessling, Fabian ; Lemainque, Teresa ; Elshafei, Asmaa Said ; Mohapatra, Saurav Ranjan ; Dadfar, Seyed Mohammadali ; Pallares, Roger Molto

Biohybrid tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) promise long-term durability due to their ability to adapt to hosts' needs. However, the latter calls for sensitive non-invasive imaging approaches to longitudinally monitor their functionality, integrity, and positioning. Here, we present an imaging approach comprising the labeling of non-degradable and degradable TEVGs' components for their in vitro and in vivo monitoring by hybrid ¹H/¹⁹F MRI. TEVGs (inner diameter 1.5 mm) consisted of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) fibers passively incorporating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), non-degradable polyvinylidene fluoride scaffolds labeled with highly fluorinated thermoplastic polyurethane (¹⁹F-TPU) fibers, a smooth muscle cells containing fibrin blend, and endothelial cells. ¹H/¹⁹F MRI of TEVGs in bioreactors, and after subcutaneous and infrarenal implantation in rats, revealed that PLGA degradation could be faithfully monitored by the decreasing SPIONs signal. The ¹⁹F signal of ¹⁹F-TPU remained constant over weeks. PLGA degradation was compensated by cells' collagen and α-smooth-muscle-actin deposition. Interestingly, only TEVGs implanted on the abdominal aorta contained elastin. XTT and histology proved that our imaging markers did not influence extracellular matrix deposition and host immune reaction. This concept of non-invasive longitudinal assessment of cardiovascular implants using ¹H/¹⁹F MRI might be applicable to various biohybrid tissue-engineered implants, facilitating their clinical translation.

01 Dec 2024·Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

Cancer cell-derived exosome based dual-targeted drug delivery system for non-small cell lung cancer therapy

Article

Author: Zhu, Xinyi ; Chen, Jin ; Jiang, Huijun ; Wang, Jun ; Wu, Yuan ; Ji, Minghui

Lung cancer is among most prevalent cancers in the world, in which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 85 % of all subtypes of lung cancers. NSCLC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with a high mortality rate. Despite the demonstrated efficacy of chemotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC, the main drawback of current therapy is the lack of an effective drug-targeted delivery system, which may result in undesirable side effects during the clinical treatment. In this study, we construct a "dual-targeting" anti-cancer drug delivery platform by combining superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with exosomes derived from NSCLC cells. We successfully promoted the targeted delivery of anti-drug doxorubicin (DOX) at the cellular levels by combining the homing targeted ability of exosomes with the magnetic targeted ability of SPIONs. Moreover, non-small cell lung cancer cell (NCI-h1299) tumor models were established. It was found that exosome-SPIONs (Exo-SPIONs) loaded with DOX exhibited optimal tumor tissue delivery and tumor suppression in the presence of an external magnetic field, and reduced the toxicity of the DOX to normal tissues. The constructed "dual-targeting" anti-cancer drug delivery platform holds promise for targeted chemotherapy for NSCLC.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Pancreatic Cancer	Preclinical	US	University of Connecticut	22 Mar 2024

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