Glycoprotein (G) is the most common gene used in SVCV vaccine constructions. To identify the major immunogenicity determinant region of SVCV G gene, herein we truncated G gene to 4 parts (G-1, G-2, G-3 and G-4). Bioinformatics and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to identify the antigenicity of these 4 truncated G proteins. Immunological assays (serum antibody production, enzyme activity, immune genes expression and challenge test) were carried out to further identify the immunogenicity of the screened G protein in common carp. Moreover, to further verify the immune response of the screened G protein-based subunit vaccine, its protective effects on common carp against SVCV infection using single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as a carrier were evaluated. Results showed that G-3 protein could induce higher antibody titer than other truncated G proteins. Furthermore, carps vaccinated with G-3 and G (positive control) showed significant enhancement of immune response (serum antibody production, enzyme activity and immune related genes expression) when compared with control groups. Meanwhile, as a promising vaccine carrier, SWCNTs could significantly enhance the immune effect of naked subunit vaccine (G-3 and G). Notably, after SVCV challenge, there was no significant difference in immune protection between G-3 and G, nor between SWCNTs-G-3 and SWCNTs-G. These results so far suggest G-3 might be the potential antigen epitope of SVCV. This study lays a foundation for developing vaccine and immunodiagnostic techniques.