The aim of this study is to investigate the geometrical, vibrational, elastic, electronic, optical, and thermoelectric characteristics of aluminum pnictides in monolayer square lattice and bilayer hexagonal phases (s- and h-AlX; X = N, P, As) using first principles. The s- and h-AlX materials are mechanically, energetically, and dynamically stable, through phonon dispersion and elastic properties investigations. It was observed that s-AlX materials exhibited both direct and indirect bandgaps, whereas h-AlX materials exhibited indirect bandgap behavior. The energy bandgap values for s- and h-AlX materials measured between 0.79 eV and 3.49 eV for the PBE functional, and between 1.49 eV and 4.74 eV for the HSE06 functional. The effective mass, mobility and relaxation time of electron carriers as well as hole carriers from the band structure of s- and h-AlX are examined to gain a better perception into these materials. The AlP monolayer square lattice phase has the highest mobility and relaxation time of 266129.60 cm²V^-1s^-1 and 740369.83 fs among entire s- and h-AlX materials. The optical characteristics of s- and h-AlX materials are examined in the existence of field polarizations. The thermoelectric properties of the AlX materials are assessed for temperature dependent. Our investigated results expose that AlP/AlP and AlAs/AlAs are the proficient thermoelectric materials at room temperature in the considered sequence. The present investigation shows that the s- and h-AlX materials are mostly active in the UV region of electromagnetic spectrum, and may find applications in UV-photodetectors and UV-protectant materials.

01 May 2025·Food Research International

Insight into the chemical and nutritional fat profile of Tenebrio molitor larvae reared on different Agri-food by-products

Article

Author: Aguilera-Velázquez, José Raúl ; Gutiérrez-Praena, Daniel ; Callejón, Raquel M ; Ubeda, Cristina ; Morales, M Lourdes ; Segura-Borrego, M Pilar

Insects are capable of feeding with a variety of substrates, being possible obtaining products rich in protein using by-products from agri-food industry. Hence, the aim of this work was evaluating the effect of different diets based on three agri-food industry by-products of Tenebrio molitor larvae's total fat contents and fatty acid profiles. Stabilized Alperujo (ALP), Pleorotus ostreatus spent substrate (POS) and olive leaf flour (OLF) were used mixed with wheat bran, control diet, at different percentages (20-100 %). All substrates studied modified the parameter analysed respect to the control diet. OLF subtract led to the greatest effects on the total fat content at percentage higher than 40 %. Respect to fatty acid profile, the most relevant changes were the increases of total MUFA content in samples from all T. molitor larvae fed with ALP and in most of those fed with POS, due to the specific increases of oleic acid content. On the contrary, total PUFA content decreased in most cases except for OLF substrate when the addition percentages were lower than 100 %. Moreover, OLF substrate enhanced the presence of ω-3. Finally, according to European regulations on nutritional claims, this fat fraction could be labelled as "source of ω-3", "high in monounsaturated fat" and "high in unsaturated fats". We can therefore conclude that feeding T. molitor with these agri-food by-products, especially from olive oil industry, enhanced the fatty acids profile of their fat fraction.

01 May 2025·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Injectable Arctium lappa polysaccharide-based composite hydrogel enhances diabetic wound healing

Article

Author: Mei, Xue ; Wei, Jiayi ; Kuo, Chia-Feng ; Xu, Shuhua ; Huang, Jinchuan ; Xiang, Wen ; Lu, Naiyan

The slow healing of diabetic wounds remains a significant challenge. However, existing treatments often prove ineffective due to the complexity of diabetic wounds. The purpose of this study was to develop an injectable hydrogel loaded with natural polysaccharides to promote diabetic wound healing. Composite hydrogels containing different concentrations of Arctium lappa polysaccharides (ALP) were prepared. The differences in their microstructure, water content, degradation rate, rheological properties, biocompatibility, promotion of epidermal cell migration, and antibacterial properties were compared to determine the optimal ALP concentration. Additionally, a diabetic rat skin defect model was constructed to further validate the promoting effect of the ALP composite hydrogel. The results indicated that CMC/CBM/ALP hydrogels formed numerous dense and regular pores, and the addition of ALP improved the stability and water content of the gels. Among the various formulations, the composite hydrogel with 2 % ALP concentration exhibited superior biocompatibility, in vitro antibacterial properties, and effectively promoted the migration of HaCat epidermal cells. Compared to hydrogels without ALP, the ALP composite hydrogels accelerated the healing of skin wounds, promoted collagen deposition and vascularization, regulated M2 macrophage polarization, reduced inflammatory responses, and ultimately enhanced wound healing. Therefore, our study provided a feasible and effective polysaccharide-based hydrogel for treating diabetic wounds.

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T-Cell Lymphoma	Phase 2	Netherlands	Netherlands Cancer Insitute	15 Apr 2010
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