AbstractChanges in the emission fluorescence intensity of pheophorbide‐a (PHEO) in the presence of carboquone (CARBOQ) were used to obtain the association constant, the number of CARBOQ molecules interacting with PHEO, and the fluorescence quantum yield of the complex. Excitation spectra of mixtures of PHEO and CARBOQ in ethanol (EtOH) show an unresolved doublet in the red‐most excitation band of PHEO, indicating the formation of a loose ground‐state complex. The 1:1 CARBOQ–PHEO complex shows a higher fluorescence quantum yield in EtOH (0.41 ± 0.02) than in buffer solution (0.089 ± 0.002), which is also higher than that of the PHEO monomer (0.28). Quenching of the PHEO fluorescence by DNA nucleosides and double‐stranded oligonucleotides was also observed and the bimolecular quenching rate constants were determined. The quenching rate constant increase as the oxidation potential of the DNA nucleoside increases. Larger quenching constants were obtained in the presence of CARBOQ suggesting that CARBOQ enhances DNA photo‐oxidation, presumably by inhibiting the back–electron‐transfer reaction from the photoreduced PHEO to the oxidized base. Thus, the enhanced DNA‐base photosensitized oxidation by PHEO in the presence of CARBOQ may be related to the large extent by which this quinone covalently binds to DNA, as previously reported.

01 Aug 2008·Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis

The micronucleus test and erythropoiesis: Effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on micronucleus formation

Article

Author: Ryo Takagi ; Hidesuke Shimizu ; Toru Matsudaira ; Ichiro Kawasaki ; Yuji Suzuki ; Hiroyuki Yanagisawa

The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of the rodent bone marrow micronucleus test in relation to erythropoiesis. We have previously reported that an acceleration of erythropoiesis increases the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPCE) induced by mutagens. The blood plasma erythropoietin level increased after the injection of N6-2-O-dibutyladenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate into adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) at a dose of 500 mg/kg. A peak of erythropoietin induction was observed 3 h after the injection of cAMP. cAMP itself did not induce any micronuclei in erythroblasts of BALB/c mice. So, the frequency of MPCE did not increase after injection of cAMP. The highest frequency of MPCE and the dose-response relationship between the cAMP doses and micronucleus frequency were observed 30 h after injection of mitomycin C (MMC) in mice which had been administered cAMP 24 h previously. The highest effect of cAMP on the increase of MPCE was observed when cAMP was given 24 h before MMC injection, thus indicating that accelerating the multiplication of erythroblasts increases the frequency of MPCE induced by mutagens. The induction of MPCE in the bone marrow by three other chemicals (carboquone, 5-fluorouracil, and vincristine) also increased after pretreatment with cAMP. Our results suggest that the increase of MPCE induced by mutagens can be amplified following the acceleration of erythropoiesis by pretreatment with cAMP.

01 Sep 2006·Environmental Health and Preventive MedicineQ3 · MEDICINE

Effect of static magnetic field on the induction of micronuclei by some mutagens

Q3 · MEDICINE

ArticleOA

Author: Yuichi Miyakoshi ; Hidesuke Shimizu ; Yoshimitsu Toyama ; Yuji Suzuki ; Masateru Ikehata ; Hayato Yoshioka

OBJECTIVESIt is important to assess the risk of static magnetic fields (SMFs) on human health, because epidemiological studies have indicated that SMFs play a role in the development of diseases such as leukemia and brain tumor. In our environment, we have numerous chances to be exposed to not only SMFs but also many chemicals containing mutagens. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of SMFs on the induction of micronuclei induced by some mutagens.METHODSBALB/c mice were exposed to 4.7 tesla (T) SMF for 24 hr immediately after the injection of carboquone (alkylating agent), colcemid (spindle poison), mitomycin C (cross-linking agent), vincristine (spindle poison), sodium fluoride (a byproduct of aluminum plants under strong SMF) or 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea (brain tumor-, gliomas- and thymic lymphoma-inducing chemical).RESULTSThe frequency of micronuclei induced by six mutagens increased after co-exposure to SMF.CONCLUSIONSAn additive/synergistic effect of SMF and chemicals was observed from the results of increased frequency of micronuclei induced by mutagens in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes.

100 Deals associated with Carboquone

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D01270	Carboquone	L01AC03	DB13677

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