A family of neutral glycosphingolipids containing a 3-O-acetyl-sphingosine galactosylceramide (3-SAG) has been characterized. Seven new derivatives of galactosylceramide (GalCer), designated as fast-migrating cerebrosides (FMCs) by TLC retention factor, have been identified. The simplest compounds - FMC-1 and FMC-2 - of this series have been characterized as the 3-SAG containing nonhydroxy and hydroxy fatty acyl, respectively. The next two - FMC-3 and FMC-4 - add 6-O-acetyl-galactose and the most complex glycosphingolipids, FMC-5, -6 and -7, are 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-3-SAG. These hydrophobic myelin lipid biomarkers coappear with GalCer during myelinogenesis and disappear along with GalCer in de- or dys-myelinating disorders. Myelin lipid antigens, including FMCs, are keys to myelin biology, opening the possibility of new and novel immune modulatory tools for treatment of autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis.

Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical UniversityQ4 · MEDICINE

Pharmacokinetic study of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose microparticles loaded with cimetidine.

Q4 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Kousar, Rozina ; Khan, Shujaat A ; Ahmad, Mahmood ; Murtaza, Ghulam ; Karim, Sabiha ; Hussain, Izhar

OBJECTIVESThe objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic behavior of floating hydroxypropylmethylcellulose microparticles loaded with cimetidine (FMC) prepared using the non-solvent addition coacervation technique.MATERIAL AND METHODSBased on the physico-chemical characteristics of three formulations (FMC1, FMC2 and FMC3), FMC2 having a 1:3 ratio of cimetidine:HPMC was found optimum. For in vivo analysis, a new HPLC analytical method was developed and validated. The optimized formulations were subjected to in vivo studies to calculate the various pharmacokinetic parameters for developed optimized microparticulate formulation FMC3. The developed floating microparticles of cimetidine were further evaluated by in vivo experimentation.RESULTSThe bioavailability parameters were found as: Cmax 1508.79 ± 37.95 ng/ml, Tmax 3.67 ± 0.17 h and AUC 14366.19 ± 377.64 ng h /mL.CONCLUSIONSFor prolonged drug release in the stomach, developed floating microparticles of cimetidine (FMC3) may be used, thereby improving the bioavailability and patient compliance.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Endometriosis	Preclinical	Switzerland	FimmCyte AG	01 Feb 2025

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