Sodium Neohouttuynate

Rubber compounds containing blends of two or more polymers are common in various industrial applications, starting with the tire industry.Blends are most commonly comprising of materials that are compatible with each other.However, for blends that are comprising of polymeric materials with limited compatibility, understanding the limitation and ways to overcome it is paramount to ensuring rubber compounds homogeneity.In this study Ethylene Propylene (Diene) Polymer (EPDM) or Ethylene Propylene Polymer (EPM) and Cyclic Tetrasulfide (CTS) are combined with the goal of achieving a compound that has superior properties than EPDM or EPM.Thermodn. studies are deployed to illustrate materials' compatibility.The role of CTS in the compound is discussed in detail, as it presents dual functions.This study represents a fundamental anal. of EP(D)M-CTS blends, starting with Thermodn. studies and polymeric phase anal. by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (S(T)EM) hyphenated by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) or Raman Spectroscopy.The resulting rubber compounds' mech. properties are analyzed, including the Payne effect.The compound resistance against swelling when exposed to a standard hydrocarbon oil was tested on a side-by-side comparison with pure EPD and they show pos. outcome.EPDM-CTS compounds have an increased resistance to swell in standard hydrocarbon oil.This feature is important in rubber articles such as for o-rings, gaskets, and other seal articles.The focus of this study is to elucidate the mechanism of crosslinking in rubber compounds comprising of EP(D)M and CTS.This fundamental understanding of the crosslinking chem. process signifies the building block for future EP(D)M-CTS compound development.

The industry is challenged to replace toxic chemical-based surfactants with environmentally friendly and biodegradable surfactants. In this study, binary mixtures of sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA) and an alkyl polyglucoside (APG10) in various proportions were investigated for their effectiveness as degreasing agents. Efficacy was characterised using surface tension measurements, oil dispersion tests, emulsification, pH and cleaning efficacy in removing engine oil from a metal plate. The surface tension results for all solutions showed a critical micelle concentration of 1500 ppm. The dispersion tests (with oil:surfactant ratios of 1:2 and 1:3) showed that the oil was fully dispersed at an oil:surfactant ratio of 1:2 i.e., at a concentration of 2500 ppm SLSA and 2000 ppm of a binary solution with a volume ratio of SLSA:APG10 of 75:25. At a ratio of 1:3, the oil was fully dispersed with 2500 ppm of a binary solution with a ratio of SLSA:APG10 of 75:25. Overall, the solution with a volume ratio of SLSA:APG10 of 75:25 was the most favourable. The results also showed that a solution containing only SLSA had good potential as a degreaser, as it achieved a cleaning performance of 90% in removing oil from the metal plate despite low emulsification levels (E24) for both surfactants. In summary, a combination of these two green surfactants can be used effectively as a degreasing agent.