Delving into the Latest Updates on Potassium Permanganate with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Potassium permanganate (JP17/USP)

Target-

Action-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Other DiseasesImmune System DiseasesCongenital Disorders+ [1]

Active Indication

DisinfectantsDermatitis, Atopic

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization-

Active Organization

Nikko Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.University of Lund

Inactive Organization-

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

Japan (01 Apr 1998),

Disinfectants

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaHKMnO4

InChIKeyIRMGUHBBVMQJKT-UHFFFAOYSA-M

CAS Registry7722-64-7

The development of friction stir welding (FSW) created the basic foundation for friction stir processing (FSP).This process entails refining the local microstructure and achieving the localised plastic deformation due to the stirring effect of the tool, which may involve adding addnl. filler material as required.The rotating tool involved in the process has a shoulder and pin responsible for heat generation for plastic deformation and localised mixing.The rotating tool is inserted and traversed on the desired surface, tailoring the material properties.The tool′s exposure to the surface causes localised plastic deformation and thermal gradient, and microstructural changes occur locally.The present investigation uses Friction Stir Processing (FSP) to fabricate an aluminum metal matrix composite.Recently, the use of aluminum alloy has been replaced by composites because of their increased mech. and phys. properties (specific properties).The experiment leads to manufacturing an aluminum metal matrix composite using aluminum oxide, boron carbide and com. pure copper dust.Later, the effect of heat treatment on the resp. metal matrix composite is studied.A comparative study among three different types of FSP techniques viz.FSP, Reinforced FSP, and Heat-treated Reinforced FSP have been performed.The tool revolution speed (RPM) and tool traverse speed of 400 RPM and 10 mm/min had been implemented, resp.The T4 Heat-Treatment cycle was used during the current investigation.This investigative study was performed to analyze the changes in grain sizes and hardness values at the stir zone (SZ), thermo-mech. affected zone (TMAZ), heat affected zone (HAZ) and on the base materials (BM) of the samples.The reinforced FSP metal matrix composite (MMC) showed an 81.26% increase in the micro-hardness value (HV) compared to the base metal.Further on analyzing the microstructures, the reinforced FSP composite showed a 65.20% reduction in grain size.Moreover, the Heat-Treated sample showed an increase in the micro-hardness value by 99.8%.

31 Dec 2025·Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability

MnO₂-doped Hydrochar composite for peroxymonosulfate activation for norfloxacin degradation: mechanism and toxicity

Author: Pulimi, Mrudula ; Kumari, Madhu

In this study, peanut shell-derived Hydrochar was synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization and doped with MnO₂ nanorods, which served as a peroxymonosulfate activator for the degradation of norfloxacin.The primary aim was to valorize the natural waste by enhancing its properties for effective PMS activation.The composite was characterized by FTIR, FESEMEDX, XRD, BET and TGA. The catalytic performance of the MnO₂@HC composite showed an impressive 98.59% degradation of NOR.Optimum batch study conditions were established at pH 3, an MnO₂@HC dosage of 0.07 g L^-1, PMS concentration of 2 mm and a temperature of 50°C.The composite demonstrated strong reusability, with 75% NOR degradation maintained through five cycles.Radical scavenger tests confirmed that SO₄^.- and ^.OH radicals were the primary reactive species involved, while O₂^.- played a minor role in NOR degradationA degradation pathway was proposed based on High Resolution-Mass Spectrometer (HR-MS) anal., which identified intermediate products that exhibited reduced toxicity towards aquatic organisms.The mechanism involved cleavage of the quinolone and piperazinyl rings.These results highlight the practical applicability of the MnO₂@HC catalyst in aqueous environments.

19 Dec 2025·INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Flow injection chemiluminescence determination of lambda-cyhalothrin and clodinafop-propargyl in freshwater samples

Author: Asghar, Muhammad ; Jaffar, Khair Un Nisa ; Kakar, Attiq Ur Rehman ; Khan, Naqeebullah ; Khan, Samiullah

A flow injection with chemiluminescence (CL) detection system applying tris-2,2′-bipyridylruthenium(II)-potassium permanganate ([Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺-KMnO₄) CL reaction was established to determine lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) and clodinafop-propargyl (CP) pesticides in freshwater samples.Exptl. parameters were optimized, and solid phase extraction was employed as phase separation techniques.Linearity of calibration curves for the standard solutions ranges of LCT and CP were of 0.001-1.0 mg/L (y = 1230.3x +23.895, R² = 0.9998 (n = 7)) and 0.001-2.0 mg/L (y = 680.12x +18.5, R² = 0.9998 (n = 9)), resp.The resp. limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) for LCT and CP were found as 3.4 x 10^-4 and 3.5 x 10^-4 mg/L (3σ blank) and 9.3 x 10^-4 and 9.6 x 10^-4 mg/L (10σ blank).The injection throughput was 115 h^-1.As a consequence of applying tests of significance, the obtained results by the suggested method were not significantly different from those of the reported methods at a 95% confidence level.Recoveries for LCT and CP were achieved over the ranges of 93.8-108% (relative standard deviation (RSD) = 1.7-3.4%) and 93.4-108.2% (RSD = 2.2-3.5%), resp.The most possible CL reaction mechanism was investigated and formulated.

100 Deals associated with Potassium Permanganate

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