Comparative Study of Combined Microneedling With Either 1% Lactic Acid Solution or Vitamin D3 or Triamcinolone Acetonide in The Treatment of Alopecia Areata

Alopecia areata (AA) is an immunologically mediated disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss (Madni and Shapiro, 2000). AA is presented by rapid and complete hair loss in one or more round or oval patches, usually on the scalp, beard area, eyebrows, eyelashes, and less commonly, on other hairy areas of the body (Berker et al., 2010 and James et al., 2011) Alopecia areata is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease. There is a complicated interplay between loss of immune privilege in the hair follicle, autoimmune-mediated hair follicle damage, and activation of inflammatory pathways that have been argued to explain the development of this disorder, but the exact pathophysiology of AA remains unknown. Hair follicles are infiltrated by autoreactive CD8 and CD4 T lymphocytes, which attack hair follicle-derived autoantigens while sparing the stem compartment (Rajabi et al., 2018).
Alopecia areata can be treated with topical and/or intralesional corticosteroids, which are the treatment of choice. Anthralin, minoxidil, coal tar, and topical immunotherapy are examples of other topical treatments. Systemic immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine, systemic steroids, Janus kinase inhibitors, and methotrexate may be considered in severe resistant cases (lee and lee, 2017).
Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is preferred in cases of AA , as it is well known as anti-inflammatory and interferes with local immunity of the skin, which helps in the recovery of the disease, but if used in wrong technique or given in a high dose, it might cause all the side effects of corticosteroid, especially skin atrophy (Berker et al., 2010).
Lactic acid is a member of alpha-hydroxy acids. It has been used in the treatment of many skin diseases, like AA and vitiligo. Lactic acid stimulates spontaneous secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by human reconstructed epidermis. VEGF is an angiogenic cytokine involved in angiogenesis and wound healing and stimulates the growth of hair follicles resulting in recovery of AA. Other studies suggest that lactic acid may act through its irritant effect (Al-Tammimy, 2005).
Vitamin D interacts with the innate and adaptive immune systems in a variety of ways, the majority of which contribute to its downregulation (Nancy and Yehuda, 2009). It has a powerful effect on T and B lymphocytes, influencing their activation responses (Arnson et al., 2007).
All cells of the immune system express 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors (VDRs) and are therefore vulnerable to calcitriol-mediated modulation. Vitamin D3 has the ability to influence the migration and maturation of different dendritic cell subtypes and their production of chemokines and cytokines, giving them an immunoregulatory and tolerogenic role (Illescas-Montes et al., 2019) It has been shown that VDRs are highly expressed in the keratinocytes of human hair follicles and the absence of their expression is associated with reduced hair follicle growth and epidermal differentiation. Reduced VDR expression in the hair follicles of affected areas has also been observed in studies of AA patients' scalp (Çerman et al., 2015).
Microneedling (MN) is a technique that comprises puncturing the skin repeatedly with sterile microneedles (Iriarte et al., 2017). It promotes hair regeneration by triggering stem cells in the hair bulge, which results in the generation of growth factors. It also improves blood circulation to the hair follicles and influences the local immune cells (Chandrashekar et al., 2014). Moreover, combining MN with applied topical drugs facilitates their absorption through the microchannels created within the epidermis (Fertig et al., 2018).

Start Date15 Dec 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator

Zagazig University

JPRN-UMIN000052725 / Suspended

Study on Improvement of Intestinal Environment and Defecation by Intake of lactic acid bacillus A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study - Study on Improvement of Intestinal Environment and Defecation by Intake of lactic acid bacillus A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study

Start Date07 Nov 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator-

JPRN-UMIN000051940 / SuspendedNot Applicable

Double-blind study to confirm the effect of lactic acid bacteria N1487-7 on improving liver function -Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group comparative study- - Double-blind study to confirm the effect of lactic acid bacteria N1487-7 on improving liver function -Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group comparative study-

Start Date12 Sep 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Lactic acid

100 Translational Medicine associated with Lactic acid

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Lactic acid

3,493

Literatures (Medical) associated with Lactic acid

01 Dec 2024·Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS

Lactic acid promotes nucleus pulposus cell senescence and corresponding intervertebral disc degeneration via interacting with Akt

Article

Author: Liu, Chao ; Chang, Xian ; Chen, Yuxuan ; Zhai, Yu ; Li, Haiyin ; Qi, Yuhan ; Hu, Zhilei ; Feng, Chencheng ; Li, Yueyang ; Liu, Libangxi ; Zhang, Yuyao ; Lou, Jinhui ; Li, Changqing ; Zhang, Yang ; Zhou, Yue

The accumulation of metabolites in the intervertebral disc is considered an important cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Lactic acid, which is a metabolite that is produced by cellular anaerobic glycolysis, has been proven to be closely associated with IVDD. However, little is known about the role of lactic acid in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) senescence and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactic acid on NPCs senescence and oxidative stress as well as the underlying mechanism. A puncture-induced disc degeneration (PIDD) model was established in rats. Metabolomics analysis revealed that lactic acid levels were significantly increased in degenerated intervertebral discs. Elimination of excessive lactic acid using a lactate oxidase (LOx)-overexpressing lentivirus alleviated the progression of IVDD. In vitro experiments showed that high concentrations of lactic acid could induce senescence and oxidative stress in NPCs. High-throughput RNA sequencing results and bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that the induction of NPCs senescence and oxidative stress by lactic acid may be related to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Further study verified that high concentrations of lactic acid could induce NPCs senescence and oxidative stress by interacting with Akt and regulating its downstream Akt/p21/p27/cyclin D1 and Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Utilizing molecular docking, site-directed mutation and microscale thermophoresis assays, we found that lactic acid could regulate Akt kinase activity by binding to the Lys39 and Leu52 residues in the PH domain of Akt. These results highlight the involvement of lactic acid in NPCs senescence and oxidative stress, and lactic acid may become a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IVDD.

01 Apr 2024·The American journal of emergency medicine

Lactate combined with SOFA score for improving the predictive efficacy of SOFA score in patients with severe heatstroke

Article

Author: Tang, Yun ; Zhang, He ; Wang, Jinhai ; Liu, Fujing ; Jin, Fang ; Gu, Tijun ; Zhang, Lingling

BACKGROUND:

The relationship between lactate levels and multiple organ dysfunction in patients with severe heatstroke remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the clinical significance of lactate in severe heatstroke prognosis and assess whether incorporating lactate in the SOFA score improves its predictive efficacy.

METHODS:

This study was a multicenter retrospective cohort investigation included 275 patients. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between lactate levels and patient outcomes and complications, including acute kidney injury (AKI), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and myocardial injury. Further, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the predictive power of lactate and SOFA scores in severe heatstroke-associated death. Lastly, the Kaplan-Meier survival curve was employed to differentiate the survival rates among the various patient groups.

RESULTS:

After adjusting for confounding factors, lactate was demonstrated as an independent risk factor for death (OR = 1.353, 95% CI [1.170, 1.569]), AKI (OR = 1.158, 95% CI [1.007, 1.332]), DIC (OR = 1.426, 95% CI [1.225, 1.659]), and myocardial injury (OR = 2.039, 95% CI [1.553, 2.679]). The area under the curve (AUC) of lactate for predicting death from severe heatstroke was 0.7540, with a cutoff of 3.35. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that patients with elevated lactate levels had higher mortality rates. Additionally, the ROC curves demonstrated that combining lactate with the SOFA score provided better predictive efficacy than the SOFA score alone in patients with severe heatstroke (AUC: 0.9025 vs. 0.8773, DeLong test, P < 0.001). Finally, the DCA curve revealed a higher net clinical benefit rate for lactate combined with the SOFA score.

CONCLUSIONS:

Lactate is an independent risk factor for severe heatstroke-related death as well as a risk factor for AKI, DIC, and myocardial injury associated with severe heatstroke. Thus, combining lactate with the SOFA score can significantly improve its predictive efficacy in patients with severe heatstroke.

01 Mar 2024·Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)

Zinc lactate alleviates oxidative stress by modulating crosstalk between constitutive androstane receptor signaling pathway and gut microbiota profile in weaned piglets

Article

Author: Zhou, Wentao ; Yin, Yulong ; Wang, Houfu ; Li, Tiejun ; Xiang, Xuan ; He, Liuqin ; Tang, Wenjie

This study aimed to determine the regulatory mechanism of dietary zinc lactate (ZL) supplementation on intestinal oxidative stress damage in a paraquat (PQ)-induced piglet model. Twenty-eight piglets (mean body weight 9.51 ± 0.23 kg) weaned at 28 d of age were randomly divided into control, ZL, PQ, and ZL + PQ groups (n = 7 in each group). The ZL-supplemented diet had little effect on growth performance under normal physiological conditions. However, under PQ challenge, ZL supplementation significantly improved average daily gain (P < 0.05) and reduced the frequency of diarrhea. ZL improved intestinal morphology and ultrastructure by significantly increasing the expression level of the jejunal tight junction protein, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) (P < 0.05), and intestinal zinc transport and absorption in PQ-induced piglets, which reduced intestinal permeability. ZL supplementation also enhanced the expression of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factor-related genes and decreased inflammatory cytokine expression and secretion in PQ-induced piglets. Furthermore, ZL treatment significantly inhibited the activation of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) signaling (P < 0.01) in PQ-induced piglets and altered the structure of the gut microbiota, especially by significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial gut microbes, including UCG_002, Ruminococcus, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Christensenellaceae_R_7_group, Treponema, unclassified_Christensenellaceae, and unclassified_Erysipelotrichaceae (P < 0.05). These data reveal that pre-administration of ZL to piglets can suppress intestinal oxidative stress by improving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity and regulating the crosstalk between CAR signaling and gut microbiota.

News (Medical) associated with Lactic acid

15 May 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

Evofem Biosciences Announces Financial Results for the First Quarter of 2024

SAN DIEGO, May 15, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- The company behind the hormone-free contraceptive Phexxi® (lactic acid, citric acid and potassium bitartrate), Evofem Biosciences, Inc. ("Evofem" or "the Company") (OTCQB: EVFM) today announced financial results for the first quarter of 2024. Highlights of and since the quarter include: Received $1 million from Aditxt, Inc. (Nasdaq: ADTX) in May 2024 in consideration for reinstating and amending the Merger Agreement, as amended, between the companies. Aditxt agreed to invest an additional $2.5 million in Evofem by July 1, 2024. The companies are working to close the contemplated transaction in the second half of 2024. Strengthened Phexxi intellectual property with the allowance of a new Composition of Matter Patent by the USPTO. Once issued, this will be the fifth U.S. patent covering Evofem's hormone-free contraceptive. Launched a partnership with Modern Remedies, one of the top pharmacies dispensing Phexxi in the Northeast, effective May 2024. Successfully renegotiated the rebate for Phexxi with Medi-Cal, the California state Medicaid program serving more than 15.4 million beneficiaries. Effective July 1, 2024, Evofem will pay a 7.4% lower rebate to Medi-Cal on Phexxi prescriptions dispensed to its beneficiaries. Net sales were $3.6 million for the first quarter of 2024, reflecting anticipated cyclical softness following the wholesale acquisition cost (WAC) increase on January 1, 2024, and the impact of the cyberattack on Change Healthcare on February 19, 2024. Total operating expenses decreased 31% vs. the first quarter of 2023 to $6.4 million. Narrowed loss from operations to $2.8 million, a 21% improvement compared to the first quarter of 2023. "We expect 2024 will be our fourth consecutive year of net sales growth, driven in part by continued execution of our market access strategy with payer wins and successful rebate reductions," said Saundra Pelletier, Evofem's CEO. "We also expect lift from increasing use of Phexxi for supplemental contraception among women of reproductive age who take oral birth control pills in conjunction with GLP-1 agonists like Mounjaro and Zepbound. These drugs may make oral contraceptives less effective at certain points in the dosing schedule – specifically for four weeks after initiation and for another four weeks after each dose escalation. Adding a hormone-free, woman-controlled contraceptive like Phexxi is a logical choice for these patients for additional protection against unintended pregnancy during these times." Financial Results For the three months ended March 31, 2024, net sales were $3.6 million compared to $5.8 million in the prior year period. The 38% decrease reflects cyclical softness related to the timing of orders relative to WAC increases and the unfavorable impact of the cyberattack on Change Healthcare. The typical cycle is that our customers A) place larger orders ahead of a price increase, B) sell from this inventory for several months after the price increase, and C) resume ordering the following quarter. Phexxi WAC increased on January 1, 2024, resulting in softer first quarter 2024 net sales (stage B). By contrast, following the October 2022 WAC increase and the near-absence of sales in the fourth quarter of 2022, net sales in the first quarter of 2023 were strong (stage C). Following the cyberattack on Change Healthcare on February 19, 2024, retail pharmacies across the country experienced delays processing prescriptions and were unable to send orders through insurance plans, and there were delays in the processing of insurance claims, which lowered dispensed units of many prescription products, including Phexxi. Additionally, Change Healthcare was the sole adjudicator (processor) used by Evofem's co-pay card vendor and Evofem received no claims for several weeks following the cyberattack. In mid-March, our co-pay card vendor established an alternative adjudicator. Initially the cost to Evofem was significantly higher, which negatively impacted our first quarter results. Costs have dropped back down in the second quarter of 2024 to approximately 8% above pre-cyberattack levels. Total operating expenses decreased 31% to $6.4 million, compared to $9.4 million in the prior year period. The improvement reflects a 39% decrease in selling and marketing costs and 22% decrease in general and administrative costs. As a result, loss from operations improved to $2.8 million, compared with a loss from operations of $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Liquidity At March 31, 2024, we had $0.7 million of restricted cash, as compared to $0.6 million of restricted cash at December 31, 2023. Subsequent to the quarter close, in April 2024 Evofem made the required quarterly payment of $0.1 million to a U.S.-based, healthcare-focused institutional investor as required by the Fourth Amendment to the Securities Purchase and Security Agreement dated April 2020, as amended, under which this investor purchased $25 million of convertible senior secured promissory notes from Evofem in 2020. In May 2024, Evofem received $1 million from Aditxt in consideration of reinstating and amending the Agreement and Plan of Merger, as amended on January 10, 2024, January 30, 2024, February 29, 2024, and May 2, 2024, by and between the companies. Under the Fourth Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, Aditxt agreed to invest an additional $2.5 million in Evofem by July 1, 2024. The companies are working to close the contemplated transaction in the second half of 2024. About Evofem Biosciences Evofem Biosciences, Inc., is developing and commercializing innovative products to address unmet needs in women's sexual and reproductive health. The Company's first FDA-approved product, Phexxi® (lactic acid, citric acid and potassium bitartrate), is a hormone-free, on-demand prescription contraceptive vaginal gel. It comes in a box of 12 pre-filled applicators and is applied 0-60 minutes before each act of sex. Learn more at phexxi.com and evofem.com. Phexxi® is a registered trademark of Evofem Biosciences, Inc. Forward-Looking Statements This press release includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements provided by Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 including, without limitation, statements related to the Company's anticipated financial performance, the anticipated benefits of the contemplated Aditxt transaction, and timing thereof. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are current only as of the date of this press release. Each of these forward-looking statements involves risks and uncertainties. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements are disclosed in the Company's SEC filings, including its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 27, 2024, its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2024, and any subsequent filings. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by such factors. The Company does not undertake any duty to update any forward-looking statement except as required by law. Contact Amy Raskopf Evofem Biosciences, Inc. [email protected] (917) 673-5775 -- Financial Tables Follow -- SOURCE Evofem Biosciences, Inc.

Financial StatementDrug ApprovalAcquisition

09 Apr 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY: 7 ROSACEA SKIN CARE TIPS

Board-certified dermatologist weighs in ROSEMONT, Ill., April 9, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Rosacea is a common skin condition that affects at least 14 million U.S. adults and commonly appears as a tendency to blush or flush more easily than others. While treatable, symptoms, such as skin thickening and eye problems, can often be uncomfortable and affect people's quality of life. Continue Reading "With rosacea, there can be many triggers that will worsen symptoms or cause a flare-up," said Lycia Thornburg, MD, FAAD, a board-certified dermatologist in Rapid City, S.D. "It's possible to control your rosacea and even prevent it from getting worse by recognizing and avoiding triggers, ranging from alcohol to sunlight to the skin care products you use." Rosacea is a common skin condition that affects at least 14 million U.S. adults. Post this Signs and symptoms of rosacea include: Flushing and redness in the center of the face Swollen skin Skin may be very sensitive, sting, or burn Visible broken blood vessels Acne-like breakouts, usually where the skin is very red, that tend to come and go Oily skin To help manage your rosacea symptoms, Dr. Thornburg and the AAD recommend following these seven tips to update your skin care routine: Choose rosacea-friendly products. Look for products that say they are noncomedogenic (non-pore clogging) and are made for sensitive skin. Many ingredients can irritate sensitive skin and cause a flare-up. Avoid using products with these ingredients on your face: alcohol; camphor; fragrance; glycolic acid; lactic acid; menthol; sodium laurel sulfate; and urea. Test skin care products. If you have sensitive skin, test skin care products before using them to reduce your risk of a rosacea flare-up. Apply the product to a quarter-sized patch of skin on the inside of your arm every day for 7-10 days. If your skin is clear after that time, go ahead and use the product. Cleanse. You might be tempted to skip cleansing if your skin feels irritated, but cleansing up to twice a day will help remove oil and dirt that can make irritation worse. Gently apply your mild cleanser in a circular motion with your fingertips, rinsing off all the cleanser when you're done — if it stays on your skin, it can cause irritation. Then, gently pat your face dry with a clean towel. Moisturize every day. Moisturize every day after cleansing, even if your skin feels oily. Moisturizing helps hydrate your skin to reduce irritation and make it feel more comfortable. Protect from the sun. Seek shade and wear sun-protective clothing, like a wide-brimmed hat or sunglasses with UV protection. Apply a broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher to all skin not covered by clothing. Look for a sunscreen that contains zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, or both. Be gentle. Avoid rubbing or scrubbing your face, or using washcloths, facial sponges, or exfoliators as anything that irritates your skin can make rosacea worse. Use makeup if desired. A yellow-tinted concealer can mask discoloration on skin tones ranging from light to dark. A green-tinted concealer can camouflage redness. Keep in mind that some makeup can irritate your sensitive skin. That's why dermatologists often recommend water-based or powder makeup, which usually doesn't irritate rosacea. While rosacea is a common skin condition, there are others that have similar symptoms, including facial reddening. To determine whether you have rosacea, find a treatment that works best for you, and learn how to avoid triggers, make an appointment with a board-certified dermatologist. "If you are unable to address your symptoms by making changes to skin care, a dermatologist will be able to develop a personalized treatment plan," said Dr. Thornburg. "There are many factors to consider when treating rosacea, including the possibility that it might not be rosacea." These tips are demonstrated in "7 rosacea skin care tips," a video posted to the AAD website and YouTube channel. This video is part of the AAD's "Your Dermatologist Knows" series, which offers tips people can use to properly care for their skin, hair, and nails. To find a board-certified dermatologist in your area, visit aad.org/findaderm. More Information Rosacea resource center Does drinking cause rosacea? Is rosacea causing your red, irritated face? AAD B-Roll Library About the AAD Headquartered in Rosemont, Ill., the American Academy of Dermatology, founded in 1938, is the largest, most influential and most representative of all dermatologic associations. With a membership of more than 20,800 physicians worldwide, the AAD is committed to advancing the diagnosis and medical, surgical, and cosmetic treatment of the skin, hair, and nails; advocating high standards in clinical practice, education and research in dermatology; and supporting and enhancing patient care because skin, hair, and nail conditions can have a serious impact on your health and well-being. For more information, contact the AAD at (888) 462-DERM (3376) or aad.org. Follow @AADskin on Facebook, TikTok, Pinterest and YouTube and @AADskin1 on Instagram. SOURCE American Academy of Dermatology

20 Mar 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

Evofem Negotiates Improved Rebate for Hormone-Free "In the Moment" Contraceptive PHEXXI with Medi-Cal

— Medi-Cal serves more than 15.4 million Californians — — 7.4% improvement in Phexxi rebate to take effect July 1, 2024 — SAN DIEGO, March 20, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Commercial-stage women's health innovator Evofem Biosciences, Inc. (OTCQB: EVFMD) today announced that it has successfully renegotiated the rebate for Phexxi® (lactic acid, citric acid and potassium bitartrate), its hormone-free, woman-controlled contraceptive, with Medi-Cal, the California state Medicaid program. Phexxi is the first and only locally-acting contraceptive gel approved by the FDA. It is applied zero-to-60 minutes before intercourse and works, without hormones, by maintaining the natural vaginal biome with a pH that is naturally inhospitable to sperm. Medi-Cal is funded by the California Department of Health Care Services, the largest health care purchaser in the state, and serves more than 15.4 million beneficiaries. The renegotiated rebate improves Evofem's rebate on Medi-Cal prescriptions by 7.4%, while affording price protection to Medi-Cal against future Phexxi WAC increases. The new rebate will take effect July 1, 2024. The vaginal pH modulator continues to be included on the Medi-Cal Rx Family Planning, Access, Care, and Treatment Pharmacy Formulary. Medi-Cal beneficiaries may receive one box of 12 single-use Phexxi applicators per dispensing, and up to three boxes in any 75-day period. Evofem recently entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by Aditxt, Inc. (Nasdaq: ADTX). Evofem believes the contemplated transaction represents a compelling opportunity to accelerate its growth trajectory, as a subsidiary of Aditxt, into a multi-product women's health franchise. The companies are working toward close in the second half of 2024. About Evofem Biosciences Evofem Biosciences, Inc., is commercializing innovative products to address unmet needs in women's sexual and reproductive health. The Company's first FDA-approved product, Phexxi® (lactic acid, citric acid and potassium bitartrate), is a hormone-free, on-demand prescription contraceptive vaginal gel. It comes in a box of 12 pre-filled applicators and is applied 0-60 minutes before each act of sex. Learn more at phexxi.com and evofem.com. Phexxi® is a registered trademark of Evofem Biosciences, Inc. Forward-Looking Statements This press release includes "forward-looking statements," within the meaning of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements provided by Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 including, without limitation, statements regarding the expected effective date of the Medi-Cal rebate and the anticipated benefits of the contemplated Aditxt transaction and timing thereof. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are current only as of the date of this press release. Each of these forward-looking statements involves risks and uncertainties. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements are disclosed in the Company's SEC filings, including its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on April 27, 2023, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 filed with the SEC on November 14, 2023 and any subsequent filings. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by such factors. The Company does not undertake any duty to update any forward-looking statement except as required by law. Contact Amy Raskopf Evofem Biosciences, Inc. [email protected] (917) 673-5775 SOURCE Evofem Biosciences, Inc.

AcquisitionDrug Approval

100 Deals associated with Lactic acid

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00111	-	G01AD01	DB04398

R&D Status

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Intervertebral Disc Disease	Phase 2	NL	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Intervertebral Disc Disease	Phase 2	RU	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Intervertebral Disc Disease	Phase 2	ES	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Low Back Pain	Phase 2	NL	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Low Back Pain	Phase 2	RU	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Low Back Pain	Phase 2	ES	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Pain	Phase 2	NL	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Pain	Phase 2	RU	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020
Pain	Phase 2	ES	Stayble Therapeutics AB	31 Jul 2020

Clinical Result

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


EADV2023	Not Applicable	Acne Vulgaris	60	16.7% salicylic acid and 16.7% lactic acid in collodion base	jwysnjxaeb(lwbyinysed) = Mild burning, erythema and exfoliation was seen in 31.6% of patients ejmsekawfx (jlqjzlnbch )	Positive	11 Oct 2023
ADA2023	Not Applicable	-	8	Sodium-lactate infusion	akrttsqugq(diuthrgyjz) = ebrdbegftg yuyitvuhmp (lbizekudua ) View more	-	20 Jun 2023
ADA2023	Not Applicable	-	8	NaCl infusion	akrttsqugq(diuthrgyjz) = kcxztcdrry yuyitvuhmp (lbizekudua ) View more	-	20 Jun 2023
Pubmed \| Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992)	Not Applicable	Bacterial Vaginosis	123	Metronidazole 500 mg	duwkmecgcm(wnmrbkuudf) = aqvqepwchh erbfivijyz (hvkwhvvqns ) View more	-	01 Jul 2011
ASCO2004	Not Applicable	Recurrent Cervical Cancer	64	Water	ypolyhdxow(awsqgwhmwh) = injxoxjcgh lyvnenkpxd (tggvfacuaf ) View more	-	15 Jul 2004
ASCO2004	Not Applicable	Recurrent Cervical Cancer	64	Povidone-iodine	iftzyezfgc(iezkpnyszw) = uwoxyiuppg zenxmlerkr (vslctlfryi ) View more	-	15 Jul 2004

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