A high-throughput UPLC-MS-MS Bio-analytical method for the analysis of veterinary pharmaceutical residues in Chicken Tissues, Application of efficient-valid-green (EVG) Framework as a Competence Tool

Article

Author: Saleh, Sarah S ; Samir, Ahmed ; Lotfy, Hayam M ; Nessim, Christine K

Antibacterial medications are receiving the most attention due to hypersensitivity reactions and the emergence of bacterial mutants resistant to antibiotics. Treating Animals with uncontrolled amounts of antibiotics will extend beyond their lives and affect humans. This study aims to determine the concentration of the residues of sulfadimidine, sulfaquinoxaline, diaveridine, and vitamin K3 in the tissues of poultry (muscles and liver) after treatment with the combined veterinary formulation. A UPLC-MS-MS method was developed using Poroshell 120 ECC₁₈ and a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and distilled water, containing 0.1 % formic acid, in the ratio of (85:15 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Sample extraction solvent was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to be acetonitrile: methanol in the ratio (49.8: 50.2 v/v), and the method was validated according to the FDA bioanalytical method validation protocol over the range (50-1000 µg/Kg) for sulfaquinoxaline and (50-750 µg/Kg) for the other 3 drugs. The greenness of the sample preparation and analytical method was assessed by applying Analytical Eco-scale (AES) and AGREE coupled with AGREEprep. The Competence of the study was evaluated via the EVG framework known as Efficiency, validation, and greenness, to achieve a balance point represented by a radar chart. The method was applied to decide the time required for poultry products to be safe for human use after administration of the studied drugs. It was found that, after the administration of the last dose, minimally 7 days are required till the levels of the drugs drop to the maximum residue limit determined by the FDA/WHO in animal tissues.

01 Apr 2024·Journal of Vector Borne Diseases

Structure-based virtual screening study for identification of potent insecticides against Anopheles gambiae to combat the malaria

Article

Author: Helmi, Nawal

Background & objectives:Vector-borne infectious diseases contribute significantly to global mortality, with over 700,000 annual deaths, and malaria alone accounts for more than 400,000 of these fatalities. Anopheles gambiae, a prominent mosquito species, serves as a primary vector for transmitting malaria to humans. To address this issue, researchers have identified the D1-like dopamine receptor (DAR), specifically DOP2, as a promising target for developing new insecticides.Methods:The three-dimensional structure of DOP2 from A. gambiae was unavailable; in-silico approach was used to model and validate DOP2 structure. The Discovery Studio 2021 program was used to identify potential binding sites on DOP2. Virtual screening of 235 anti-parasitic compounds was performed against DOP2 using PyRx 0.8.Results:The screening demonstrated strong binding and interactions with active site residues of DOP2 for five compounds: Diclazuril, Kaempferol, Deracoxib, Clindamycin, and Diaveridine. These compounds exhibited higher binding affinity values compared to the control (Asenapine). In addition, the predicted physiochemical properties for these compounds were within acceptable ranges and there were no violations in drug-likeness properties.Interpretation & conclusion:These compounds show promise as potential new insecticides targeting A. gambiae mosquito by inhibiting the DOP2 protein. However, additional experimental validation is required to optimize their efficacy as DOP2 inhibitors.

10 Apr 2023·Journal of agricultural and food chemistry

Metabolism and Tissue Elimination of Diaveridine in Swine, Chickens, and Rats Using Radioactive Tracing Coupled with LC-ESI-IT-TOF/MS.

Article

Author: Wen, Lihua ; Huang, Lingli ; Chen, Hong ; Pan, Yuanhu ; Liu, Zhenli ; Zhang, Xiaofan ; Wang, Liye

Diaveridine (DVD) has widespread use in food animals due to its antibacterial synergistic effects. This study revealed the metabolism, excretion, and tissue elimination of DVD in swine, chickens, and rats following oral gavage of 10 mg/kg b.w. tritium-labeled DVD using radioactive tracing coupled with liquid chromatography-electron spray ionization-ion trap-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-IT-TOF/MS). The metabolic pathways involved demethylation, α-hydroxylation, glucuronidation, and sulfonylation and produced four metabolites in swine (M0, DVD; M1, 3'/4'-demethyl-DVD; M2, 3'/4'-demethyl-DVD-O-glucuronide; M4, 2/4-glucuronidated-DVD) and five in chickens (M0∼M2; M3, α-hydroxy-DVD; M4) and rats (M0∼M3; M5, 3'/4'-demethyl-DVD-O-sulfation). M0 was dominant in the excreta of chicken and female and male rats, while M2 was mainly excreted in swine. Among the three species studied, M0 was the most persistent in the kidneys (t_1/2 3.15-3.89 d); therefore, M0 kidney levels are residue monitoring targets. This study enabled a thorough comprehension of the metabolism and pharmacokinetic characteristics of DVD in animals.

100 Deals associated with Diaveridine

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