Efficacy of addition of HB vaccine in patients with chronic hepatitis B who are still HBeAg-positive after one year of entecavir administration: a randomized controlled trial - Entecavir plus HB vaccine combination trial

Start Date01 Nov 2008

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis B virus infection vaccine(Center For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology)

100 Translational Medicine associated with Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis B virus infection vaccine(Center For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology)

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis B virus infection vaccine(Center For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology)

Literatures (Medical) associated with Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis B virus infection vaccine(Center For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology)

02 Sep 2019·Journal of Travel MedicineQ2 · MEDICINE

Seroprotection rates of vaccine-preventable diseases among newly arrived Eritrean asylum seekers in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study

Q2 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Nickel, Beatrice ; Suter-Riniker, Franziska ; Sydow, Véronique ; Labhardt, Niklaus D ; Funez, Sabine ; Piso, Rein J ; Paris, Daniel H ; Chernet, Afona ; Staehelin, Cornelia

AbstractBackgroundAccording to 2016 World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund country estimates, Eritrea has overall high vaccination coverage with immunization rates for three doses of diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis and polio vaccine of 95%, for two doses measles vaccine of 85% and for three doses hepatitis B vaccine of 85%. If confirmed, this could imply that routine basic vaccination of newly arrived Eritreans could be safely omitted.MethodsWe used stored serum samples from two cross-sectional studies that screened newly arrived Eritrean refugees for infectious diseases. Consenting refugees aged 16 years and older who registered in one of three neighbouring cantons in northwestern Switzerland were enrolled between January 2016 and December 2017. Antibody titers against the following vaccine-preventable diseases were measured (applied thresholds for seroprotection in brackets): diphtheria (>0.1 IU/ml), tetanus (>0.1 IU/ml), measles (>150 mIU/ml), rubella (only for women, >11 IU/ml), varicella (>50 mIU/ml), hepatitis B [hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) Index >0.9, Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) Index >0.9 and antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) >10 IE/L]. Differences between sex and age groups (≤25 and >25 years) were measured by Fisher’s exact test.ResultsWe analysed samples of 133 study participants (20 women, 15%) with a median age of 25 years (range 16–61). Rates of seropositivity were as follows for women/men, respectively: diphtheria 57.9%/74.8% (difference non-significant), tetanus 94.8%/41.1% (P < 0.001), measles 73.7%/76.6% (non-significant), rubella in women 78.9%, varicella 89.5%/95.3% (non-significant), anti-HBc 15.8%/26.2% (non-significant) and anti-HBs 15.8%/17.8% (non-significant).ConclusionSeroprevalence for vaccine-preventable infections did not meet levels required to confer herd immunity in any of the human-to-human transmissible diseases that were studied. In general, the strategy proposed by the Federal Office of Public Health to offer basic immunization to all newly arrived refugees, including newly arriving Eritrean refugees, is justified.

01 May 2015·VaccineQ3 · MEDICINE

Cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Kenya and Uganda

Q3 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Odaga, John ; Madrid, Yvette ; Mvundura, Mercy ; Clark, Andrew David ; Sigei, Charles

INTRODUCTIONRotavirus vaccines have the potential to prevent a substantial amount of life-threatening gastroenteritis in young African children. This paper presents the results of prospective cost-effectiveness analyses for rotavirus vaccine introduction for Kenya and Uganda.METHODOLOGYIn each country, a national consultant worked with a national technical working group to identify appropriate data and validate study results. Secondary data on demographics, disease burden, health utilization, and costs were used to populate the TRIVAC cost-effectiveness model. The baseline analysis assumed an initial vaccine price of $0.20 per dose, corresponding to Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance stipulated copay for low-income countries. The incremental cost-effectiveness of a 2-dose rotavirus vaccination schedule was evaluated for 20 successive birth cohorts from the government perspective in both countries, and from the societal perspective in Uganda.RESULTSBetween 2014 and 2033, rotavirus vaccination can avert approximately 60,935 and 216,454 undiscounted deaths and hospital admissions respectively in children under 5 years in Kenya. In Uganda, the respective number of undiscounted deaths and hospital admission averted is 70,236 and 329,779 between 2016 and 2035. Over the 20-year period, the discounted vaccine program costs are around US$ 80 million in Kenya and US$ 60 million in Uganda. Discounted government health service costs avoided are US$ 30 million in Kenya and US$ 10 million in Uganda (or US$ 18 million including household costs). The cost per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted from a government perspective is US$ 38 in Kenya and US$ 34 in Uganda (US$ 29 from a societal perspective).CONCLUSIONSRotavirus vaccine introduction is highly cost-effective in both countries in a range of plausible 'what-if' scenarios. The involvement of national experts improves the quality of data used, is likely to increase acceptability of the results in decision-making, and can contribute to strengthened national capacity to undertake economic evaluations.

01 May 2015·VaccineQ3 · MEDICINE

Cost-effectiveness analysis of rotavirus vaccination in Argentina

Q3 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Urueña, Analía ; Vizzotti, Carla ; Diosque, Máximo ; Virgilio, Federico ; Giglio, Norberto ; Gentile, Ángela ; Betelu, María Sol ; Pippo, Tomás ; Hernández, Laura

BACKGROUNDRotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in children under 5. In Argentina, the most affected regions are the Northeast and Northwest, where hospitalizations and deaths are more frequent. This study estimated the cost-effectiveness of adding either of the two licensed rotavirus vaccines to the routine immunization schedule.METHODSThe integrated TRIVAC vaccine cost-effectiveness model from the Pan American Health Organization's ProVac Initiative (Version 2.0) was used to assess health benefits, costs savings, life-years gained (LYGs), DALYs averted, and cost/DALY averted of vaccinating 10 successive cohorts, from the health care system and societal perspectives. Two doses of monovalent (RV1) rotavirus vaccine and three doses of pentavalent (RV5) rotavirus vaccine were each compared to a scenario assuming no vaccination. The price/dose was US$ 7.50 and US$ 5.15 for RV1 and RV5, respectively. We ran both a national and sub-national analysis, discounting all costs and benefits 3% annually. Our base case results were compared to a range of alternative univariate and multivariate scenarios.RESULTSThe number of LYGs was 5962 and 6440 for RV1 and RV5, respectively. The cost/DALY averted when compared to no vaccination from the health care system and societal perspective was: US$ 3870 and US$ 1802 for RV1, and US$ 2414 and US$ 358 for RV5, respectively. Equivalent figures for the Northeast were US$ 1470 and US$ 636 for RV1, and US$ 913 and US$ 80 for RV5. Therefore, rotavirus vaccination was more cost-effective in the Northeast compared to the whole country; and, in the Northwest, health service's costs saved outweighed the cost of introducing the vaccine. Vaccination with either vaccine compared to no vaccination was highly cost-effective based on WHO guidelines and Argentina's 2011 per capita GDP of US$ 9090. Key variables influencing results were vaccine efficacy, annual loss of efficacy, relative coverage of deaths, vaccine price, and discount rate.CONCLUSIONCompared to no vaccination, routine vaccination against rotavirus in Argentina would be highly cost-effective with either vaccine. Health and economic benefits would be higher in the Northeast and Northwest regions, where the intervention would even be cost-saving.

100 Deals associated with Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/hepatitis B virus infection vaccine(Center For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology)

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diphtheria	CU	Centro de Ingenieria Genetica y Biotecnologia	31 Dec 2009
Hepatitis B	CU	Centro de Ingenieria Genetica y Biotecnologia	31 Dec 2009
Tetanus	CU	Centro de Ingenieria Genetica y Biotecnologia	31 Dec 2009
Whooping Cough	CU	Centro de Ingenieria Genetica y Biotecnologia	31 Dec 2009

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