Last update 21 Nov 2024

Enzyme composition(Belief Biomed)

Last update 21 Nov 2024

Overview

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Enzyme

Synonyms

A pharmaceutical composition comprising the TH variant and the aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), Parkinson disease(Belief Biomed), 帕金森(Belief Biomed)

Target-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Nervous System DiseasesEndocrinology and Metabolic Disease

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Parkinson Disease

Originator Organization

Belief BioMed, Inc.Startup

Active Organization-

Inactive Organization

Shanghai Belief-Delivery BioMed Co., LtdBelief BioMed, Inc.Startup

Drug Highest PhasePendingPreclinical

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

100 Clinical Results associated with Enzyme composition(Belief Biomed)

100 Translational Medicine associated with Enzyme composition(Belief Biomed)

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Enzyme composition(Belief Biomed)

Literatures (Medical) associated with Enzyme composition(Belief Biomed)

15 Sep 2020·NeurologyQ1 · MEDICINE

Dopamine-responsive and dopamine-resistant resting tremor in Parkinson disease

Q1 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Helmich, Rick C. ; Bloem, Bastiaan R. ; Roth, Dominik ; Pasman, Jaco W. ; Zach, Heidemarie ; Dirkx, Michiel F.

ObjectiveWe tested the hypothesis that there are 2 distinct phenotypes of Parkinson tremor, based on interindividual differences in the response of resting tremor to dopaminergic medication. We also investigated whether this pattern is specific to tremor by comparing interindividual differences in the dopamine response of tremor to that of bradykinesia.MethodsIn this exploratory study, we performed a levodopa challenge in 76 tremulous patients with Parkinson tremor. Clinical scores (Movement Disorders Society–sponsored version of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III) were collected “off” and “on” a standardized dopaminergic challenge (200/50 mg dispersible levodopa-benserazide). In both sessions, resting tremor intensity was quantified using accelerometry, both during rest and during cognitive coactivation. Bradykinesia was quantified using a speeded keyboard test. We calculated the distribution of dopamine-responsiveness for resting tremor and bradykinesia. In 41 patients, a double-blinded, placebo-controlled dopaminergic challenge was repeated after approximately 6 months.ResultsThe dopamine response of resting tremor, but not bradykinesia, significantly departed from a normal distribution. A cluster analysis on 3 clinical and electrophysiologic markers of tremor dopamine-responsiveness revealed 3 clusters: dopamine-responsive, intermediate, and dopamine-resistant tremor. A repeated levodopa challenge after 6 months confirmed this classification. Patients with dopamine-responsive tremor had greater disease severity and tended to have a higher prevalence of dyskinesia.ConclusionParkinson resting tremor can be divided into 3 partially overlapping phenotypes, based on the dopamine response. These tremor phenotypes may be associated with different underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, requiring a different therapeutic approach.

01 Jan 2015·International Journal of Cardiology

Atrial flutter EKG can be useless without the proper electrophysiological basis

Letter

Author: Parra-López, Loreto ; Muñoz-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos ; Sampedro-Abascal, Consuelo ; Segura-Sampedro, Juan José

Dear Editor:Atrial ﬂutter is a common EKG. Still, there are factors that can inter-fere during its diagnosis, conditioning its treatment and prognostic. Agood knowledge about the basic principles of ECG can be very valuableto avoid those interferences.A 67-year-old male patient visited the emergency service due topolaquiuria andabdominal pain.There were nosignalsof cardiacsemi-ology.Bloodpressurewastakenwitharesultof234mmHgsystolicand134 mm Hg diastolic. There was neither history of hypertension,diabetes mellitus nor dyslipidemia. His medical history includedParkinson already treated with Carbidopa, Entacapona, Levodopa andbenign prostatic hyperplasia treated with Pramipexole, Domperidoneand Tamsulosin followed in urology service.A suspicious diagnosis of hypertensive crisis was given and the fol-lowingelectrocardiogramwasperformed(Fig.1).Atypicalatrialﬂutterelectrocardiogram with a 4:1 block was apparent. However, lead IIshows no ﬂutter signs (Fig. 1). In fact lead II represented a completelynormal rhythm. Strikingly, a further inspection of the patient noticedthat Parkinson tremors were mostly constricted to left arm.No ﬂutter signs at lead II plus the Parkinson tremors constricted toleft arm were thought to be related. A further study of the patientshowed that regular tremors due to Parkinson's disease on the leftarm were thought provoking the ﬂutter-like artifact.Atrial Flutter is a common arrhythmia since its ﬁrst description90 years ago. Still, there are factors that can interfereduringits diagno-sis, conditioning its treatment and prognostic.The electrocardiogram, an important and basic diagnostic proof canevenconfuseadiagnosisduetoawronginterpretation,whichmightberelated to a lack of knowledge about the ECG physiology.It has been previously reviewed the mechanisms behind equipment-related ECG artifacts [1,2]. Electrocardiographic artifacts have beenreported before in a Parkinson disease context [3] although the artifactmechanism was not explained.TheespecialfeatureofthisECGistheextendedﬂutter-likeartifactinall leads except II.A good knowledge about the basic principles of ECG can be veryvaluable to solve cases like this one [4].As we know, limb leads are bipolar leads. Each of them has onepositive and negative pole. Lead II is the only one that takes no infofrom the left arm electrode (LA) and its region.LA provides a mistaken intake which interfere its signal, affectingleads I and III, which use LA as one of their poles and the augmentedlimb and precordial leads (Fig. 2). Therefore, only lead II can tell us thereal heart rhythm in this case.In conclusion, ECG is a very reliable proof but it can't substitute theclinical exploration. We can't forget the clinical exploration as thebasisofthediagnosis.Diagnosticproofs,eventhosewhichareveryreli-able, are complementary to the exploration.In this case, normal ECG monitoring or recording would be possiblefor diagnostic purposes once the concomitant process is reduced ormodiﬁed.EvenitcanbepossibleusingECGtakingintoaccounttheclin-ical exploration added to the knowledge of the principles of electrocar-diography in order to contextualize the patient's condition. That willallow us to save money, time and resources in our clinical practice.References

01 Nov 2001·Clinical BiomechanicsQ3 · ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Heel to toe motion characteristics in Parkinson patients during free walking

Q3 · ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Article

Author: Ewald M. Hennig ; Stefan Kimmeskamp

OBJECTIVEPlantar pressures of Parkinson patients in a mild or moderate stage of the disease were analyzed in order to determine characteristics of the heel to toe motion of the foot in Parkinson patients during free walking.DESIGNPressure sensitive insoles were used to quantify the in-shoe pressure distribution for 24 patients with Parkinson's disease and for 24 age-matched healthy adults. Peak plantar pressures, relative loads and the variability of relative loads were analyzed for 10 different anatomical foot areas. Inferential statistics and regression analyses were performed to compare subject groups and to relate pressure data to a clinical score (Webster).BACKGROUNDIt is well-known that Parkinson patients experience disorders of balance, posture and gait. Recent studies revealed that Parkinson patients show abnormalities in foot strike during walking. However, only little is known about the heel to toe motion of the foot in Parkinson patients in compensating for instability during walking.RESULTSParkinson patients show significant changes in foot loading behavior. Parkinson patients have a reduced impact at heel strike. This mechanism was found to be related to the severity of the disease. Furthermore, Parkinson patients show a trend towards higher relative loads in the forefoot regions combined with a load shift towards medial foot areas. These mechanisms are highly stereotypical.CONCLUSIONParkinson patients, even in a mild or moderate stage of the disease, show significant changes in heel to toe motion of the foot during free walking. The characteristics of Parkinsonian gait are probably caused by adaptive mechanisms of the patients to avoid unsteadiness during walking.RELEVANCEThe results of this study revealed that Parkinson patients have characteristic heel to toe motion pattern. The determination of the foot-loading pattern using plantar pressure measurement may be used as a valuable tool for diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation purposes. Furthermore, the strategy of the forefoot control in gait of Parkinson patients should be considered in Parkinsonian research.

100 Deals associated with Enzyme composition(Belief Biomed)

R&D Status

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Parkinson Disease	Preclinical	CN	Shanghai Belief-Delivery BioMed Co., Ltd	05 Jul 2019

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Enzyme composition(Belief Biomed)

Overview

Basic Info

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R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Deal

Core Patent

Clinical Trial

Approval

Regulation