OBJECTIVESTo extend capuramycin spectrum of activity beyond mycobacteria and improve intracellular drug activity.METHODSThree capuramycin analogues (SQ997, SQ922 and SQ641) were conjugated with different natural and unnatural amino acids or decanoic acid (DEC) through an ester bond at one or more available hydroxyl groups. In vitro activity of the modified compounds was determined against Mycobacterium spp. and representative Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Intracellular activity was evaluated in J774A.1 mouse macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv).RESULTSAcylation of SQ997 and SQ641 with amino undecanoic acid (AUA) improved in vitro activity against most of the bacteria tested. Conjugation of SQ922 with DEC, but not AUA, improved its activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In the presence of efflux pump inhibitor phenylalanine arginine β-naphthyl amide, MICs of SQ997-AUA, SQ641-AUA and SQ922-DEC compounds improved even further against drug-susceptible and drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In Gram-negative bacteria, EDTA-mediated permeabilization caused 4- to 16-fold enhancement of the activity of AUA-conjugated SQ997, SQ922 and SQ641. Conjugation of all three capuramycin analogues with AUA improved intracellular killing of H37Rv in murine macrophages.CONCLUSIONSConjugation of capuramycin analogues with AUA or DEC enhanced in vitro activity, extended the spectrum of activity in Gram-positive bacteria and increased intracellular activity against H37Rv.

01 Dec 2010·Journal of Antimicrobial ChemotherapyQ2 · MEDICINE

In vitro antimicrobial activities of capuramycin analogues against non-tuberculous mycobacteria

Q2 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Krishnan, Manju Y. ; Reddy, Venkata M. ; Einck, Leo ; Dubuisson, Tia ; Bogatcheva, Elena ; Collins, Michael T. ; Nacy, Carol A.

OBJECTIVESTo determine antibacterial activity of capuramycin analogues SQ997, SQ922, SQ641 and RKS2244 against several non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM).METHODSIn vitro antibiotic activities, i.e. MIC, MBC, rate of killing and synergistic interaction with other antibiotics, were evaluated.RESULTSSQ641 was the most active compound against all the NTM species studied. The MIC of SQ641 was ≤0.06-4 mg/L for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC; n = 20), 0.125-2 mg/L for M. avium paratuberculosis (MAP; n = 9), 0.125-2 mg/L for Mycobacterium kansasii (MKN;n = 2), 0.25-1 mg/L for Mycobacterium abscessus (MAB; n = 11), 4 mg/L for Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSMG; n = 1), and 1 and 8 mg/L for Mycobacterium ulcerans (MUL; n = 1), by microdilution and agar dilution methods, respectively. SQ641 was bactericidal against NTM, with an MBC/MIC ratio of 1 to 32, and killed all mycobacteria faster than positive control drugs for each strain. In chequerboard titrations, SQ641 was synergistic with ethambutol against both MAC and MSMG, and was synergistic with streptomycin and rifabutin against MAB.CONCLUSIONSIn vitro, SQ641 was the most potent of the capuramycin analogues against all NTM tested, both laboratory and clinical strains.

01 Feb 2008·Antimicrobial Agents and ChemotherapyQ2 · MEDICINE

In Vitro Antimycobacterial Activities of Capuramycin Analogues

Q2 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Einck, Leo ; Reddy, Venkata M. ; Nacy, Carol A.

ABSTRACTTranslocase I inhibitor compounds derived from capuramycin demonstrated rapid bactericidal activity against several different mycobacterial species. SQ641 was the most active of the compounds, with a MIC of 0.12 to 8 μg/ml, a postantibiotic effect of 55 h, and interesting synergistic effects with other antitubercular drugs.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Clostridium Infections	Preclinical	-	Sequella, Inc.	-
Clostridium Infections	Preclinical	-	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	-
Pulmonary Tuberculosis	Preclinical	-	Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	-
Pulmonary Tuberculosis	Preclinical	-	Sequella, Inc.	-

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